2.1).compulsory 2).continuous 3).requirement 4).unless 5).corporations
6).demanding 7).tendency 8).comminent 9).retires 10).curriculum
11).benefit 12).outcome 13).ministries 14).be expanded
1.①absent: not in a place because of illness etc.
②compulsory: that must be done because of a law or a rule
③standard: a level of quality
④curriculum: the subjects that are included in a course of study or taught a school, college .
⑤distribute: share sth between a number of people .
⑥tendency: behave or act in a particular way; a new custom that is starting to develop.
⑦expand: to become greater in size, number or importance; to make sth greater in size, number or importance
⑧skeptical: having doubts that a claim or statement is true or that sth will happen.
⑨commitment: a promise to do sth or to behave in a particular way; a promise to support sb/sth
⑩load: sth that is being carried by a person, vehicle, etc.
2.Suggest “表明、暗示”接从句时,用陈述语气
e.g. Her pale face suggests that she hasn’t got well.
她苍白的脸色表明她还没有痊愈
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[点拨]:that things are said 是定语从句修饰先行词way , 先行词way常用that或in which 作关系词引导定语从句,that/in which 也可以省略
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[点拨]:select v.“挑选、选拔”, to do
短语select sb
as+名词
adj.仔细挑选的,精选的
selection n.挑选,选择,选拔
e.g. Who has been selected to take part in the project?
挑选谁去参加这个工程?
e.g. He is selected as the team leader.
他被选为队长.
e.g. I’m delighted about my selection as leader
我很高兴被选为领导
e.g. The selected Works of Mao Zedong.《毛泽东选集》
[点拨]:
choose 对所选事物事前不了解
区别 pick out 事前已知道或了解所选事物,通过辨别挑选出来
select 精心挑选最好,最优秀的事物
[点拨]:suit vt.“适合于”,指日期、天气、食物、衣着、色彩等等诸方面
suitable adj.“适合的” be suitable for
fit vt.“适合”只是指尺寸大小合适
fit adj.“适合的”
be fit for一是“尺寸大小合适”,另一是“适合工作”
e.g. Does the skirt suit me ? 指裙子的颜色、款式、图案等是否合适
Does the skirt fit me ? 指裙子的尺寸大小是否合适
这裙子适合我吗?
这裙子合我身吗?
e.g. Will Thursday suit you ? 星期四合适吗?(不可用fit)
e.g. A place suitable for a picnic .一个适合野餐的地方(不能用fit)
习题对话
Language practice
1.Suggest 表示“建议”后面可接以下几种结构
名词
Suggest+ 动名词
从句(从句的谓语动词多由should+动词原形构成,也可省略should)
London for their meeting.他建议在伦敦举行会议
e.g. He suggested
a twenty-day tour of Europe.他建议到欧洲作二十日游
e.g. I suggest doing it in a different way.
我建议用另种方法做这件事。
e.g. He suggested that she(should) come another day.
他建议她改天再来。
注意:现代英语中,suggest作“建议”讲时,从句谓语有时也可能有别的形式。
e.g. Your niece suggested I might call and see you .
你的侄女建议我来看你。
3. rely on sb./sth. to do sth. “信任、信赖”相当于 trust or have faith in
e.g. You should rely on your own judgment .
你应该相信自己的判断。
You can rely on me to keep your secret .
你可以相信我一定会为你保守秘密。
---international
organizations such as the World Bank and non-governmental organizations ---国际组织,诸如此类有“世界银行组织”、“非政府组织”--- |
[点拨]:non是一个前缀词头,可以放在名词、形容词前构成一个反义词。
e.g. non+n.
non-cooperation 不合作
non-member 非成员
non-smoker 不抽烟的人
non-white 非白种人
non-confidence 不信任
e.g. non+adj.
non-existent 不存在的
non-human 非人类的
non-stop 中途不停的
non-smoking 非吸烟的
non-nuclear 非核子的
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[点拨]:donate 意思是give money、food、clothes、etc.to sb/sth译为“捐赠、赠送”。常见短语:donate sth.to sb/sth
e.g. He donated thousands of pounds to charity.
他向慈善事业捐款数千英镑。
e.g. All donated blood is tested for HIV and other infections.
所有献的血都要接受爱滋病病毒和其他传染病检查
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[点拨]: of sth
make sure
that 从句
注意接that从句时,从句常使用一般现在时,而不用一般将来时。这一短语有两个含义,一是“确保,没法保证”,另一是“查明”、“核实”、“弄清事实”。
e.g. Make sure(that)no one finds out about this.
绝对不能让任何人发现这件事
e.g. They scored another goal and make sure of victory.
他们又进了一个球,这就赢定了
e.g. She looked around to make sure that she was alone.
她往四下里看看,是不是只有她一个人
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[点拨]:despite 介词,意思是“不管、尽管、任凭”。注意固定短语:despite oneself,译为“尽管(自己)不愿意”
e.g. Her voice was shaking despite all her efforts to control it.
尽管她竭尽全力控制自己,声音仍然在颤抖
e.g. Despite applying for hundred of jobs, he is still out of work.
尽管他申请了数百个工作,但仍然在失业
e.g. He had to laugh despite himself.
他不想笑,但还是忍不住笑了出来
Integrating skills
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[点拨]:common adj.“常见的;普遍的;通常的”、“共有的;共同的”
n. “公共用地;公地”、“(学校等)学生公共食堂”
注意有关固定短语的使用:
have sth in common with sb/sth (想法、兴趣等方面)相同/有相同的特征
in common 共有,公有
in common with sb 与……相同
e.g. Jane and I have nothing in common 可转换为
I have nothing in common with Jane.
我与简毫无共同之处
e.g. The two cultures have a lot in common
这两种文化具有许多相同之处
e.g. They hold the property as tenants in common.
作为共同租赁人,他们共同占用这份房地产
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[点拨]:suggest此处为“暗示;表明”之意,故从句谓语动词未使用表现虚拟形式的should+动词原形。
2. rely on sb./sth. to do 或 rely on sb./sth. doing 固定结构,意思是“依赖、依靠”
( 相当于be dependent on )
e.g. These days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work .
现在,我们很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。
The industry relies on the price remaining high .
这一产业靠的是价格高涨。
3. take sth. in 意思较多,常有“吸入、吞入”“改小、改瘦衣服”“包含、包括”“注意到、看到”
e.g. Fish take in oxygen through their gills .
鱼用鳃呼吸氧气。
This dress needs to be taken in at the waist .
这件连衣裙腰身需要改瘦一些。
The tour takes in six European capitals .
这次旅行包括六个欧洲国家的首都。
He took in every detail of her appearance .
他仔细打量了她一番。
[点拨] many more students “更多的学生”请注意修饰不可数名词时用 much more
e.g. He has much more work to do .
他有更多的工作要作。
---the number of students in some
schools is so low that students of --- ---学生的数量是如此之少以至于学生--- |
[点拨] so --- that --- “那样---以至于---”引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句。
e.g. He was so young that you must excuse him .
他是那样年轻,你必须得原谅他。
He got up so early that he could catch the first bus .
他起得那样早以便能赶得上第一班车。
so that “以致”引表目的的从句
e.g. Let’s try and arrange so that we can get there at one o’clock .
咱们设法安排一下,以便我们能在一点钟到那儿。
在so --- that ---分开的句型中,为了强调,可将so 放在句首,主句倒装。上面两句可改为:
e.g. So young was he that you must excuse him .
So early did he get up that he could catch the first bus .
--- this results in large class
sizes . ---这种情况导致了大班上课。 |
[点拨] result in “产生---作用/结果”是固定短语
result from “因---而产生”“导致”
as a result of “因为”“由于---的结果”
as a result “结果”
e.g. Our efforts resulted in success.
我们的努力导致了成功。
The talks resulted in reducing the number of missiles .
谈判导致了导弹数量的减少。
The failure resulted from his laziness .
失败源于他的懒惰。
In many developing countries there
is not enough money available to provide classrooms .--- 在许多发展中国家,国家拿不出足够的钱为所有的孩子提供教室--- |
[点拨] developing 为现在分词,作定语修饰 countrise
a developing country 一个发展中国家
a developed country 一个发达国家
[点拨] provide sth. for sb. ( 或provide sb. with sth. )
supply sth. to/for sb. ( 或supply sb. with sth. )
offer sth. to sb. ( 或offer sb. sth. )
以上三个词短语,大意“为---提供物”“把---物提供给人”但要注意offer 含有自愿奉献的意思。
e.g. I offer him a a glass of wine .
我敬了他一杯酒。
We offered him the house for £1000.
我要价1000镑卖给他那幢房子。
We offered him £1000 for the house .
我们出价1000镑向他买那幢房子。
The school provided food for the students .
( 或The school provided the students with food. )
这所学校为学生提供食物。
The school supplies books for/to the children .
( 或The school supplies the children with books .)
学校提供学生们书籍。
providing 和provided 还可作连词使用,意为“如果--”“只要--”相当于if 条件句。但要根据句子主语判断是使用 provided 还是使用providing 。
e.g. She may come with us provided that she arrives in time .
如果她及时到达,她可能会和我们一起来。
You may go out providing you do your homework first .
只要你先把作为做好,你就可以出去了。
The equip schools some of these
governments rely completely on aid from other countries --- 为了装备学校设施,这些国家政府几乎完全依赖外国。 |
[点拨] 1. rely-relies-relying –--relied --–relied 注意动词五式的写法。
2. take sb. in 另一个含义是 to make sb. believe sth. that is not true 译为“欺骗、蒙骗”
e.g. She took me in completely with her story .
她的一番花言巧语完全把我骗了。
Don’t be taken in by his charm --- he’s ruthless .
不要被他迷人的风度所蒙蔽,其实他冷酷无情。
1. take sb. in 意思是to allow sb. to stay in your home 译为:“收留、留宿”
e.g. He was homeless ,so we took him in .
他无家可归,我们便收留了他。
3. would rather +从句 “宁愿某人做某事”,从句谓语动词用过去式,表示希望现在或将来的事;从句谓语动词用过去完成式,表示希望已过去的事情;若用进行式,表示希望正在进行的事情。
e.g. She would rather the children called on her the next day .
她宁愿孩子们第二天来看望她。
He would rather you had led a happy life .
我们宁愿你们已经过上了好日子。
China’s large population meat that
the schools had to expand to take in many more students . 中国人口众多,那就意味着学校不得不扩大来接纳如此多的学生。 |
[点拨] take in 接人和接物,其含义不同
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