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4. Much of the wisdom discovered by early Chinese

  scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners.

  中国古代科学家所发现的大量知识和经验,对于今

  人的农民和园艺工仍然有用。

  句中 discovered by early Chinese scientists是过去分

  词短语作后置定语,相当于which was discovered by

  …。过去分词短语作定语一般具有以下特点:(1)

  放在修饰侧的后面。(2)与修饰词构成被动关系。

  (3)相当于一个灰示被动的定语从句。单个的过去

  分词作定语一般放在修饰词的前面,在个别情况下

  放在修饰词之后。

  The system used in this school is very successful.

  这学校使用的系统很成功。

  There is a red car parked outside the house.

  房子外边停着一辆红色汽车。

  The window broken in the stoml has now been

  repaired.

  在暴风雨中打破了的窗户,已经修好了。

试题详情

3. Not only is food production important but also taking

  care of the environment.

  粮食牛产固然重要,环保也很重要。

  (1)当 not only...but (also)... 连接两个并列分句

  时,前一个分句要用部分倒装,即部分谓语(助动词、

  系动词、情态动词)提到主语之前,第二个分句不要

  倒装。有时后一个分句与前一个分句的相同部分可

  以省略。(2) 当not only...but (also)...连接两个主

  语时,其谓语与靠近它的主语保持一致。

  Not only did he speak more correctly but he spoke more

  easily.

  他不仅讲话更正确,而且讲得也较不费劲了。

  Not only the students but also the teacher is interested

  in the TV play.

  不仪学生们而儿老师也对这部电视剧感兴趣。

试题详情

2. To make as much ase of the land as possible, two or

  more crops ale planted each year where possible.

  为了充分利用土地,在有条件的地方,每年种植两季

  以上的庄稼。

  句中 as possible和 where possible 是 as it is possible 和

  where it is possible的省略形式,在类似结构中it is /

  was常常被省略。as...as possible是固定的结构,表

  示“尽可能……”。

  We need to send the letter off as soon as possible.

  我们有必要尽可能快地把这封信寄出去。

  Hold your breath for as long as possible.

  屏住呼吸,时间越长越好。

  Fill the words in the blanks where necessary.

  在需要的地方填上单词。

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1. What do you think causes these changes?

  你认为是什么(原因)引起这些变化的?

  What effects do you think the changes in eating habits

  will have on agriculture and nature?

  你认为这些饮食变化对农业和自然会起什么作用?

  句中 do you think 是插入语,经常位于疑问词(组)

  后,有时也可放在句尾。

  Where do you think our English teacher comes from?

  你认为我们的英语老师来自哪里?

  Who do you think the old lady is?

  你认为那老太太是谁?

  What is it, do you think?

  你认为这是什么?

试题详情

7. year after year, year by year

  year after year 意为“年复一年地”,常用来表示每年

  重复,在句中作状语,类似的结构还有:day after day;

  month after month; one after another; letter after

  letter;而 year by year 表示逐渐的变化过程,类似的

  结构还有:day by day; little by little (逐渐地)。

  My grandfather grows older year by year.

  我爷爷一年年老了。

  We call on our teachers on Teachers’Day year after

  year.

  我们年年教师节都要看望老师。

   ☆句型诠释☆

试题详情

6. deep, deeply

  deep 既可作形容词,又可作副词,表示动作与事物的

  具体深度,注意习惯搭配。deep into, go deep, be

  buried deep,drink deep(痛饮);deeply为副词,常用

  于修饰形容词、分词以及含有抽象意义的动词。

  Our teacher often work deep into the night.

  我们老师常常工作到深夜。

  Her faith goes very deep.

  她的信仰很坚定。

  We are deeply moved by what she said and did.

  她的言行使我们深受感动。

  I'm deeply grateful for the advice you gave me.

  我非常感激你对我的劝告。

试题详情

5. late, later, latest, lately

  late 是形容词或副词,表示“晚,迟”;later 是副词,表

  示“以后,后来”,常单独使用或放于一段时间之后;

  latest 是形容词,表示“最近的”;lately 是副词,表示

  “最近,近来”。

  He went to bed late last night.

  他昨晚睡得很迟。

  I shall call again later.

  我过会儿再打电话。

  People want to buy the latest newspaper, nobody wants

  to buy yesterday's.

  人们都要买最新的报纸,没人要买昨天的。

  Have you seen him lately?

  你近来见到过他吗?

试题详情

4. sure, certain, confident

  意思都是“确信的”。sure强调“主观上确信无疑

  的”。certain 指“有充分根据或理由而相信的”。

  confident 强调“对某人(物)坚信的或满怀信心的”。

  be sure to 中的sure 不能改为certain。

  I'm sure you don't mean it.

  我相信你是无意的。

  This letter made me certain 0f his innocence.

  这封信使我相信他是无罪的。

  He's confident he will win.

  他坚信他会赢。

  [词组] be certain of 确信;深信

  be certain to 必然;一定

 be not certain whether... 不能确定是否……

  for certain 肯定地;确凿地

  make certain (of, that) 把……弄清楚;把……弄确

  实;保证

试题详情

3. happen, take place, breakout, occur

  (1) happen 往往表示偶然性的没预料到的事情的“发

  生”。

  How did the accident happen? You'd better let me

  know.

  (2) take place 表示必然性的“发生”或指是布置或策

  划好某事后“举行”的。

  Great changes have taken place in our country these

  years.

  这些年我国发生了巨大的变化。

  (3) break out 表示地震、战争、火灾、疾病等“突然发

  生”、“爆发”

  A fire broke out in the neighborhood last night.

  (4) occur 相当于 happen

  It is said that the traffic accident OCCUlTed at midnight.

  [联想] 主语 (人) + happen + 动词不定式

  It (形式主语) + happen + that从句 (真正的主语)

  I happened to see him in the street. (碰巧、恰巧)

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2. guide, conduct, lead

  作为动词三者都有“领”“导”或“引”的含义。它们的

  区别在于:guide (抽象名词guidance;具体名词guide

  “向导”) 是通用词,可以用于“为别人带路”“指导别

  人的学习、品行修养”,它的内涵是避免走弯路或遇

  到危险。而conduct (抽象名词conductance“传导

  力”;具体名词conductor"向导者”,公共汽车等的“售

  票员”) 在表示“指导、引导”时含有明显的主从关系,

  即被引导者不服从是不可以的。lead (抽象名词

  leadership"领导”;具体名词leader"领袖、领队”)可以

  表示“领导、带路”,但它总含有领导者走在前面,而

  把被领导者控制在自己的权威之下,或被领导者处

  于秩序井然的状态中的意思。

  Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding

  the dead on their return journey to the other world.

  数千只灯笼慢慢向大海漂去,给死人返回阴间指明

  道路。

  At the top of the bank my guide paused and looked

  back at me.

  我的向导在河岸上稍停了一下,并且回头看了看我。

  He is now studying under the guidance of Professor

  Green.

  他现在正在格林教授的指导下学习。

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