1. -- How did you find him out?

　 -- I ____ his name by chance on the list.

　　 A. came down　　 B. came about

　　 C. came uD　　 D. came across

16. turn around (同turn round) 转过身，转回身

　 When the teacher turned around, they began to

　 whisper.

　 老师一转过身去，他们就开始窃窃私语。

　 [链接]tum back 折回；翻回

　 turn in 上交，交回

　 turn away 不理；撵走

　 turn out 结果是；生产；出来

　 turn down 不接受；调小／低

　 turn up 调大；出现；到达

　 turn on 开(灯等)

　 turn off 关(灯等)

　 turn to 转向……／向……求助

　 turn...into... 把……变成

　 turn against背叛

　[考点3]含“动词 + in”的短语

① believe in 相信．信任，信仰

② bring in 引进，引来

③ come in 进来

④ give in 让步。投降

⑤ hand in 交上来

⑥ get in 收获，进入

⑦ take in 欺骗．摄取

⑧ join in 加入，参与

⑨ take part in 参加

⑩ turn in 交上来

[例句] You can believe in him; he'll never Iet you

down. 你可以相信他，他是不会让你失望的。

The sale brought us in over $200. 这次销售使我们赚

了200美元。

I kept inviting Mrs. Smith to stay for lunch, and finally

she gave in. 我不断邀请史密斯夫人留下来吃午饭，最

终她让步了。

We were completely taken in by his story. 我们完全被

他的故事欺骗了。

She handed in her resignation because of dissatisfac-

tion. 因为不满她递交了辞呈。

They all joined in singing the Christmas carols. 他们一

起唱圣诞颂歌。

[考例4](2004湖北)We have to ____ the wheat as

　soon as possible because a storm is on the way.

　　 A. get away　　 B. get across

　　 C. get through　　 D. get in

[考查目标] 此题主要考查 get 短语。

[答案与解析] D　 get away 逃脱，离开；get across 通

过，把……讲清楚；get through 到达，办完，花光；get in

收获，进入，抵达。再根据意思“因为暴风雨就要来了，

因此我们必须尽快收割小麦”。

[牛刀小试2]

9. take turns doing sth. 轮流做某事

　 Since we took turns driving, we didn't find the trip

　 tiring.

　 由于我们轮流驾驶，所以我们并没有觉得旅途劳累。

　 [短语] by turns 轮流地

　 in turn 依次地

　 at every turn 到处

[考点2]turn构成的短语

① turn on 打开，使感兴趣

② turn off 关掉

③ turn down 关小，凋低，拒绝，转入

④ turn around 转过身，转过来

⑤ turn...into... 把……变成

⑥ turn to 开始干，求助于

⑦ turn over 转身，翻转，把某人交给，移交，营业额达

⑧ turn up 调大，出现，使某物朝上

⑨ turn out 结果是，证明是，出席

⑩ turn against 背叛

[例句] Mozart's music always turns me on. 莫扎特的音

乐总是让我感兴趣。

Be sure to turn off the lights when you leave the room.

离开房间时一定要把灯关了。

I applied for the job but they turned me down because I

didn't know German. 我申请了这份工作，但是因为我

不懂德语他们拒绝了我。

He turned around to find a policeman eyeing him suspi-

ciously. 他转过身发现警察在怀疑地看着他。

A vast crowd turned out t0 watch the match. 大群的观

众到场观看比赛。

The car skidded, turned over and burst into flames. 那

汽车一打滑，翻倒后起火了。

[考例2](2004 浙江) We wanted to get home before

dark, but it didn't quite ____ as planned.

　　 A. make OUt　　 B. turn out

　　 C. go on　　 D. come up

[考查目标] 此题主要考查四个短语的用法。

[答案与解析] B make out 弄明白；turn oat 结果是，证

明是；go on 继续进行；come up 上来，过来，来吧。本句

话意思是“我们希望在天黑前到家，但是结果并不像计

划的那样”。

[考例3](2004四川) The forest guards often find camp－

fires that have not been ____ completely.

　　　 A. turned down　　　　　 B. put out

　　　 C. put away　　　　　　　 D. turned over

[考查目标] 此题主要考查 turn 与 put 构成的短语的用

法。

[答案与解析] B turn down关小。调低，拒绝。转入；

turn over 翻转，移交，营业额达……；put out 扑灭；put

away 收拾，整理，本句话意思是“森林看护人员经常

发现野营的火没有完全被扑灭”。

11. play music 演奏音乐

　 [相关短语] enjoy the music 欣赏音乐

　 read music 识乐谱

　 have no ear for music 无音乐鉴赏力

　 perform music 演奏音乐

　 listen to (the) music 听音乐

　 face the music 临危不惧

7. on the other hand 另一方面的

　 I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I

　 ought to be studying.

　 我想去参加聚会，但从另一方面来说，我应该留下来

　 学习。

　 [拓展]on (the) one hand..., on the other hand...,

　 用以引导出相互矛盾的观点

　 On one hand the hotel is near the sea, but on the other

　 hand it costs a lot.

　 好的方面是这家旅馆靠海，可是另一方面房租太贵。

　 [词组] by hand 手工制作的

　 at hand 在附近，在手头，即将发生

　 from hand to hand 从一人之手转到另一人之手

　 hand in hand 手拉手

　 All the work had to be done bv hand.

　 所有的活都得用手工做。

　 The note Was delivered bv hand.

　 这封短信经由专人送交。(非经邮寄)

　 He lives close at hand.

　 他住在附近。

　 The examination is at hand.

　 考试即将举行。

　 Buckets of water were passed from hand to hand to put

　 the fire out.

　 人们一桶又一桶传递着水把火扑灭。

　 Dirt and disease go hand in hand.

　 肮脏和疾病是形影相随的。

14. in trouble意为“处于困境中，有麻烦”。介词in表示

　 “处于……状态中”。如：

　 A person with good manners never laughs at people

　 when they are in trouble.

　 一个有礼貌的人绝不会嘲笑身处困境的人们。

　 He was in trouble with the customs.

　 他在海关那儿遇到了麻烦。

　 [联想]be a great trouble to 对……来说很麻烦

　 ask for trouble 自找麻烦

　 have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事困难

　 get into trouble 陷入困境

　 there be trouble (in) doing sth. (同上)

　 make trouble 制造麻烦

　 take trouble to do sth. 费心做某事

　 save / spare trouble 省事，避免麻烦

　 put sb. to the trouble of doing 麻烦某人做某事

　 put sb. to trouble 给某人添麻烦

2. in common 公用，共有；共同

　 These two houses have a COUrt in common.

　 这两家合用一个院子。

　 Hip-hot and rap have much in common with blues and

　 rock.

　 希荷普和说唱(音乐)与布鲁斯和摇滚(音乐)有许多

　 共同之处。

　 In common with everyone else I hold that he is right.

　 同大家一样，我也认为他是对的。

13. come across

　 (1) come across作“碰到”，“(偶然)发现或遇见”解。

　 In the course of the experiment, they canle across some

　 new problems.

　 在实验过程中他们碰到一些新问题。

　 (2) come across 有时可作“穿过”、“越过……而来”解

　 释。

　 The Eighth Route Army easily came across the enemy

　 lines.

　 八路军轻易地越过了敌人的防线。

　 [联想]表示“(偶然)遇见”还可用以下形式表达：

　 run across　 meet with　　 happen to meet

　 run into　　 meet…by　　 chance to meet

9. We waited for a long time and then were ____

　 some coffee.

[短语归类]

[考点l]come构成的短语

① come up with 找到，提出(答案、解决办法)

② come across 碰上，偶然碰上，被理解，发现

③ come along 进展，进步，一道来

④ come down 下来，降低，下降，着陆

⑤ come true 实现

⑥ come over 过来，顺便来访

⑦ come in 进来

⑧ come to oneself 苏醒，恢复知觉

⑨ come on 来吧，跟着来，赶快

⑩ come out 出来，出版，发(芽)，开花

⑩ come about 发生

⑧ come back 回来．流行

⑩ come to 共计，达到，达成，恢复知觉，苏醒

⑩ come round 来，过访

⑩ come through 经历 (困难等)

[例句] She came up with a new idea for increasing

sales. 她想出了增加销售量的新主意。

It came out that he'd been telling a pack of lies. 后来才

知道他一直在说谎。

Why don't come over t0 Beidaihe for a holiday in sum-

mer? 你怎么不在夏天到北戴河来度假呢?

The price of petrol is coming down thanks to the in-

crease of production. 由于产量的增加，石油的价格在下

跌。

He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't come

across. 他讲了很长时间，但他的意思没有人真正理解。

The crocuses came out late this year because of the cold

weather. 因为天气寒冷，今年藏红花开得晚。

It suddenly came to her that she had been wrong all

along. 她突然想到她一开始就错了。

[考例l](1996上海) We are all going to the games.

Why don't you come ____?

　　 A. up　　 B. across

　　 C. along　　 D. to

[考查目标] 此题主要考查come构成的短语的用法。

[答案与解析] C　 come up 升起，被讨论，出现；come

across 被理解，被传达，碰见，偶然遇到；come along 进

展，进步，一道来；come to 共计，达到，达成。本句话意

思是“我们要去参加比赛，你为什么不一道去?”

8. They were too tired, so they waited on the side of the

　 road, waiting for someone to ____ them up.