6、(2010·长沙模拟)已知同温度下的溶解度:Zn(OH)2>ZnS,MgCO3>Mg(OH)2;就溶解或电离出的能力而言,FeS>H2S>CuS,则下列离子方程式错误的是( )
A.Mg2+ + 2HCO3- + 2Ca2+ + 4OH- = Mg(OH)2↓+ 2CaCO3↓+ 2H2O
B.Cu2+ + H2S = CuS↓+ 2H+
C.Zn2+ + S2- + 2H2O = Zn(OH)2↓+ H2S↑
D.FeS + 2H+ = Fe2+ + H2S↑
[解析]选C。C项,溶解度:Zn(OH)2>ZnS,所以Zn2+与S2-反应生成ZnS。
5、(2010·淄博模拟)下列说法正确的是( )
①非金属氧化物一定不是碱性氧化物
②NH4HSO4溶液的pH比NH4NO3溶液的pH小
③含有阴离子的物质中一定含有阳离子
④常温下在pH=3的溶液中,K+、Fe2+、C1-、CO32-不能大量共存
⑤SO2具有漂白性,所以向酸性高锰酸钾溶液中通入SO2溶液褪色
A.①②③④⑤ B.①②③④ C.①③④ D.①④⑤
[解析]选B。碱性氧化物都是金属氧化物;NH4HSO4完全电离出H+,c (H+)比NH4NO3溶液大,pH小;含有阴离子的物质中一定含有阳离子;pH=3的溶液中含有大量H+与CO32-不能大量共存;SO2使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色是因为SO2具有还原性。
4、(2010·哈尔滨模拟)某溶液中存在,且X为短周期元素,则一定能在溶液中大量共存的离子组
是( )
A.Na+、H+、SO、I B.Na+、Ba2+、SO、Al3+
C.Na+、K+、Fe2+、H+ D.K+、SO、Cl、CO
[解析]选D。中X显+5可能为N元素,可能为N O3,A项,N O3与 H+共存时,有强氧化性,不能与I共存; B项,Ba2+与SO反应产生BaSO4沉淀,不能共存;C项,N O3、 H+ 与Fe2+不能共存;D项,各离子可大量共存。
3、(2010·衡水模拟)向三份0.1mol·L-1 NH4Cl溶液中分别加入少量的Mg、NaOH、FeSO4固体(忽略溶液
体积变化),则NH4+浓度的变化依次为( )
A.减小、增大、减小 B.增大、减小、减小
C.减小、增大、增大 D.减小、减小、增大
[解析]选D 。NH4Cl水解,溶液显酸性,Mg与H+反应,促进NH4+水解,NH4+浓度减小;NaOH与NH4Cl反应产生NH3,NH4+浓度减小,FeSO4中Fe2+抑制NH4+水解,NH4+浓度增大 。
2、(2010·广州模拟)下列说法正确的是( )
①CH3COONa、BaSO4都是强电解质; ②硬铝、碳素钢都是合金材料;③合成纤维、光导纤维都是有机高分子化合物;④ 0.1 mol·L-1 NaOH溶液与0.1 mol·L-1 Ba(OH)2 溶液的PH相同;⑤适量CO2 分别通入饱和碳酸钠溶液和澄清石灰水中,都会出现浑浊。
A.①②④ B.①②⑤ C.②③⑤ D.③④⑤
[解析]选B。大部分盐都是强电解质;硬铝是含铝、锰、硅等的合金,钢是铁、碳合金;光导纤维的主要成分是二氧化硅,不是有机高分子化合物;0.1 mol·L-1 NaOH溶液与0.1 mol·L-1 Ba(OH)2 溶液相比,前者的c (OH-)小,PH小;CO2 通入饱和碳酸钠溶液会产生NaHCO3晶体,少量CO2 通入澄清石灰水中产生CaCO3沉淀。
1、(2010·福州模拟)已知298K时,Mg(OH)2的溶度积常数KSP=5.6×10-12,取适量的MgCl2溶液,加入一定量的烧碱溶液达到沉淀溶解平衡,测得Ph=13.0,则下列说法不正确的是( )
[解析]选C。A项,PH=13的溶液中,c (H+)=10-13mol/L;B项,溶液中 c (OH-)=10-1 mol/L,NaOH抑制水的电离,水电离产生的c (OH-)=10-13 mol/L;C项,因为向MgCl2溶液中加NaOH溶液后混合溶液的PH=13,所以所加NaOH溶液PH>13;D项,溶液中的c (Mg2+)=5.6×10-12÷10-2=5.6×10-10 mol/L。
15.broke up
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根据课文内容用适当的词填空,使短文完整。
Nowadays bands 1.________ one after another both in China and in other countries.Then 2.________ do people get to form a band? Usually bands are formed by music lovers 3.________ come together to write and play their own music.First,they may play to 4.________ to earn money to make a living,and at the same time 5.________ their music and improve themselves.
6.________,there was a band called “The Monkees”which wasn’t formed 7.________.It was formed by TV organizers who had 8.________ for four musicians in a newspaper.At first not 9.________ the members in the band could sing well,neither could they create their 10.________ music.They 11.________ on each other while playing music.Both the jokes and music were 12.________ loosely on the band called “The Beatles”.In spite of this,the band soon attracted many people,who supported them 13.________.After a year 14.________,they began to play their own instruments and write their own music.And they became even more popular than “The Beatles” and sold even more records.However,the band 15.________ in 1970,but reunited in the mid1980s.
答案:e into being 2.how 3.who 4.passersby 5.practise 6.However 7.this way 8.advertised 9.all 10.own 11.played jokes 12.based 13.fiercely 14.or so
5.The wonderful performances of the folk bands attract many passersby,making them as happy as the performers.
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