50.　 Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?

　A. Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and walking

　B. The study of the sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory

　C. Sleeping pattern must be taken into consideration in the designing of the robot

D. The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats

C

Ask any person who is successful in whatever he or she is doing what motivates him/her, and very likely the answer will be "goals". Goal Setting is extremely important to motivation and success. So what motivates you? Why are you in college? If you are in college because that's what your parents want, you may find it difficult to motivate yourself. Sure, it's possible to succeed with someone else providing the motivation for you. ("If you graduate from college, I'll give you a car!" or worse "If you don't graduate from college, you won't get a car.") But motivation that comes from within really makes the difference.

Certainly, you need some intelligence, knowledge base, study skills, and time management skills, but if you don't have motivation, you won't get far. Think about this analogy. You have a car with a full tank of gas, a well-tuned engine, good set of tires, quadraphonic CD system, and a sleek, polished exterior(外表). There it sits. This car has incredible potential. However, until a driver sits behind the wheel, puts the key in the ignition(点火装置), and cranks it up, the car doesn't function. You guessed it; the KEY is MOTIVATION.

Interest is an important motivator for a student. So is a desire to learn. When you link these two things together, you create success. Often success in an endeavor(努力) leads to more interest and a greater desire to learn, creating an upward spiral(螺旋形) of motivation toward a goal you have established.

So be honest with yourself. Are you genuinely interested in being in college? Have you set realistic goals for yourself? How can you develop the internal motivation that really counts? When it comes to motivation, KNOWING is not as important as DOING.

49.　 Cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats _____________.

　A. need more time for restoration　　　　　　 B. are unlikely to be attackers

　C. are more active than horses when they are awake

　D. spend less time eating to get enough energy

48.　 According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we_______.

　A. are worrying about our safety　　　　　　　 B. are overworked

　C. are in a tent　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. are away from home

47.　 Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him ______.

　A. keep up a regular pattern of life　　　　　　　 B. prevent trouble that comes looking for him

　C. avoid danger and inefficient labour　　　　　 　D. restore his bodily functions

46.　 The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us ______.

　A. the differences between robots and men　　　　 B. the reason why men need to sleep

　C. about the need for robots to save power　　　　 D. about the danger of men working at night

45.　 What is the best title of the passage?

A. Three kinds of Loneliness　　　 　B. Loneliness and Diseases

C. Loneliness and Social Contacts　　 D. Chronic Loneliness

B

Suppose we built a robot to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors(探测器) to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all the times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to stop its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.

　According to the evolutionary(进化的) theory of sleep, evolutionary equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and walking for the same reason. Theory does not deny that sleep provides some important restorative functions(恢复功能). It merely says that evolutionary has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.

　The evolutionary theory explains the differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for example, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horse do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horse must spend over, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival(生存) depends on their ability to run away from attackers.

44.　 Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people?

A. Chronic loneliness can cause family problems

B. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illness

C. Chronic loneliness cannot be overcome

D. A, B, and C are all correct

43.　 The topic of the 4^th paragraph is that _______________.

A. one problem of loneliness is a person’s social contacts

B. we depend on various people for different reasons

C. lonely people don’t have many social problems

D. lonely people don’t have many friends

42.　 　“ It” in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to ----------.

A. temporary loneliness　　 B. situational loneliness　　 C. a new place　 D. sleeplessness

41.　 How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?

A. Talk to friends　　　 B. Just ignore it　　　 C. Go to see a doctor

D. Ask your teachers for guidance