5. reason, cause, excuse, grounds

　 (1) reason：理由，原因；指决定做某一件事或采取某

　 一行动的理由，由此而得出结论或解释。

　 The reason for my absence was that l was ill. 这儿不能

　 用because引导。

　 (2) cause：起因；指引起某种后果的起因。

　 The cause of the accident was the fact that he was

　 driving too fast.

　 事故的起因是他开得太快。

　 (3) excuse：辩解，借口；指为某一行为所做的解释，可

　 以是真的，也可以是托词。

　 Too much work is no excuse for not studying.

　 工作太多不能成为不学习的理由。

　 (4) grounds：根据，理由；有根据的理由。

　 We have good grounds t。believe his story.

　 我们有充分的理由相信他的话。

4. die of, die from, die for, die in

　 (1) die of 意为“因……而死”，原因多为来自内部、

　 情感、冻饿和生病等，如：die of hunger (a fever,

　 thirst, sorrow, old age) 死于饥饿 (发烧、渴、忧伤、年

　 老)

　 (2) die from 意为“由于……而死”，原因通常来自外

部，如：die from wound (lack of food, an accident, over

work, drinking, pollution)死于外伤(缺乏食物、事

故、过度劳动、饮酒、污染)

(3) die for 意为了“为……而死”，如：

　 The soldier died for his motherland. 他为祖旧捐躯。

　 (4) die in 意为“死于……”，如：die in battle (战死)，

　 die greatly in debt (死于负债累累)，die in office (死

　 于任职期间)

3. for the moment, for a moment

　 for the moment 意为“目前，暂时”，for a moment意

　 为“(过)片刻，一会儿”。

　 They don't plan to move for the moment.

　 他们目前不想搬走。

　 I will stay here for a moment. 我要在这里呆会儿。

2. dead, deadly, dying

　 三个词都可以作形容词，但含义各不相同。dead意

　 为“死了”，反义词是alive，表示死亡状态；deadly意

　 为“致命的”表示抽象意义；dying意为“临死的”。

　 The dog has been dead for hours.

　 这条狗死了几个小时了。

　That is a deadly snake. 这是一条致命的蛇。

　 The dying man tried to my mmething.

　 这个快死的人试图想说什么。

　 [注意] dead，dying可在前面加 the 作名词用；deadly

　 还有“死气沉沉”之意。如：

　 The dead (dying) were being taken away from the

　 spot.

　 当时死者 (快死的人) 正从现场被抬走。

　 The lecture is deadly. Many began to leave.

　 演讲太沉闷了。许多人开始离开。

1. persuade, advise

　 两个词都有“劝”之意，persuade表示结果，advise只

　 强调动作。

　 We advised (or: tried to persuade) him to stop talking,

　 but hc refused.

　 我们劝(试图劝服)他别谈了但他不听。

　 I persuade him to stop smoking. tie now looks better.

　 我劝服他戒了烟。现在他看f：去更健康了。

　 [注意] persuade 表示“说服某人做／不做某事”除了

　 persuade sb. to / not to do...结构，还有persuade sb.

　 into doing sth. / out of doing sth. 如：

　 He persuaded me into leaving soon.

　 他劝服我马上离开。

5. He promised to attend to the cause ____ he

　　 reached the office.

　 　　A. in a moment　　　 B. the moment

　　　 C. in case　　　　　　 D. as far as

　　 ☆词语比较☆

4. I don't mind picking up your things from the store.

　 ____, the walk will do me good.

　　　 A. Still　　　　　　　 B. Worse still

　　　 C. Besides　　　　　　 D. However

3. I have tried to keep his advice in ____ when

　 writing this book.

　　 A. head　　　　　　　 B. heart

　　　 C. mind　　　　　　　　 D. brain

2. We will ____ a chance on the weather and have

　 the party outdoors.

　　 A. take　　　　　　　 B. try

　　 C. get　　　　　　　　 D. make

1. Nothing definite has been arranged ____ its per-

　 formance.

　　 A. as if　　　　　　　 B. as for

　　 C. as with　　　　　　 D. as to