2. I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths
full. (NMET 1998)
A. it B. that
C. these D. them
1. The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will
need a lot of work before they can move in. (NMET
2001 )
A. they B. it
C. one D. which
7. The most important thing to keep in mind when
dealing with an emergency is to stay calm.
处理紧急情况时要记住的最重要的事就是保持冷
静。
句型中两个不定式to keep,to stay分别作定语和表
语。
The first thing for her to do is to tidy up the meeting
room.
她第一件要做的事就是整理会议室。
What they need at preselat is to have the house painted.
他们目前的要求就是把房子油漆一下。
[句型归纳]
[考点1]1 wish that she were here with me and we
weren't sick. 我希望她还在,我们都没有病。
本句中,要注意动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气。
其用法为:
①表示现存的祝愿和抱歉。从句的谓语用 be 和 were /
was (were更为常用),实义动词用过去式。例如:
I wish they were at home this time. 但愿他们这次在
家。
② 表示对过去事情的遗憾,从句的谓语用过去完成时
或could + 现在完成时。例如:
I wish I hadn't hurt him so much. 真后悔伤他这么
重。
③ 表示对将来事情的愿望.从句的谓语为would /
could / might + 动词原形。例如:
I wish I might be able to come tomorrow. 要是我明
天能来就好了。
[考例l](2002上海)How I wish every family
____ a large house with a beautiful garden!
A. has B. had
C. will have D. had had
[考查目标] 本题考查wish后接宾语从句的用法。
[答案与解析]B wish后接宾语从句表示现在的祝愿
时,从句的谓语用be和were (was),实义动词用过去
式。
[考点2]It is safe to be friends with people who are living
with HIV. 与感染了艾滋病毒的人交朋友是安全的。
Cells either divide too fast or at the wrong time, making
it difficult for the body to function properly. 细胞分裂要
么过快,要么在不恰当的时间分裂。使身体机能难以正
常运转。
这两句中。要注意it:第一句作形式主语.作引导词用.
句型结构为:It is + adj / n (+ for / of sb) to do sth或
lt is + adj./ n + 从句;第二句作形式宾语用。例如:
It's hard to translate this sentence into English. 把这个
句子翻译成英语很难。
It requires patience to teach children. 教小孩子需要耐
心。
We find it hard to deal with him. 我们觉得跟他打交道
很难。
[考例2]Is ____ necessary to complete the design
before National Day?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
[考查目标] 本题考查 it 作形式主语的用法。
[答案与解析]C 本题中,it作形式主语, 指代后面出
现的动词不定式to complete the design before National
Day。而选项A中的this、选项B中的that都是指
示代词。选项D中的he是人称代词,都不能充当形式
主语。
[考点3]Many hospitals recommend that we use letters
DR ABC to remember what to do when we have to think
fast. 许多医院建议我们,在危急时刻采用DR ABC来
记住我们要做的事情。
本句中,recommend后接宾语从句,从句中的谓语动词
要用虚拟语气,即should + 动词原形,其中。should可
省略。这种用法的动词还有:suggest,insist,advise,
order,demand,request,propose等。例如:
The committee has recommended that the training pro-
gramme be improved. 委员会已经建议过培训项目得改
进。
I suggest (that) they (should) not drive too fast. 我建
议他们不要开得太快了。
[考例3](1994上海) Jane's pale face suggested that
she ____ ill, and her parents suggested that she
____ a medical examination.
A. be; should have B. was; have
C. should be; had D. was; has
[考查目标] 本题考查 suggest 的用法。
[答案与解析]B suggest是个常用动词,中学里学过
两种含义。一是“to put forward (as a plan, thought)”
(建议;提出),后面跟的宾语从句的谓语一般由should
加动词原形构成,或直接用动词原形;二是"to give an
impression of" (表明;使人认为),后面的谓语动词不用
虚拟语气形式。此题中,编者有意将suggest的两种意
思放在一个句子里,考生只有在理解两个suggest不同
含义的基础上,才能正确选择从句中动词的用法。原
句的意思是:珍妮苍白的脸色说明她病了,她的父母让
她去查查身体。第一个suggest的意思是“表明、说
明”,第二个suggest才有“建议、提出”的含义,所以第
二个suggest后面的从句中的谓语要用虚拟语气结构。
如果不理解句子的意思,只从形式去判断,很容易被选
项A所迷惑。
[考点4]We should never try to revive a person unless we
know how to do it. 除非懂得如何使人恢复知觉,否则
不要轻举妄动。
本句中,unless意为“if...not”,引导条件状语从句,表示
“如果不……就……,除非……”。例如:
You will fall behind unless you work harder. 你如果不
努力,就会掉队。
You'll catch cold unless you put on more clothes. 你会
感冒的,除非你多穿点衣服。
[考例4](NMET 2004) ____ you call me to say
you're not coming, I'll see you at the theater.
A. Though B. Whether
C. Until D. Unless
[考查目标] 本题考查unless引导条件状语从句的用
法。
[答案与解析]D 选项A中的though表示“虽然”;选
项C中whether表示“是否”,引导名词性从句;选项B
中的until表示“直到”;只有选项D中的unless表示条
件,符合句意“我将在剧院等你,除非你打电话说不来
了”。
[牛刀小试3]
6. She might have been hit by a car.
她也许被车撞了。
“情态动词 + 完成时态”用来表示对某一事实的假设
或推测,但不同的情态动词表示不同的程度,肯定
的程度如下:
must have done (肯定已经做了)
may have done (可能已经做了)
codd have done (可能已经做了)
might have done (也许已经做了)
[注意] (1) 这种用法通常不用must表示否定或疑
问,而用can表示。
He can't have finished the work.
他肯定没有完成这项工作。
Can you have informed her of the time for the meeting?
你肯定通知她开会时间了吗?
(2) shouId have done 表示后悔或责备,意为“本应该
做了(但事实上没做)”,可根据语境判断。
You are late again. You ____ ten minutes earlier.
A. must have come B. should have come
C. could have come D. might have come
[解析]选B 该句表示一种责备,意为“你又迟到
了,你本该早十分钟就到了”,其他选项均表示推测。
5. As with most diseases and disasters, the young suffer
the most.
就像大多数的疾病和灾难一样,最遭罪的是年轻人。
as with...正如……一样,完整的句子为"As it is the
same with..."。
As with drawing a picture, you should be patient and
careful in doing this job.
正如画画一样,在做这件事时,你应该耐心细致。
4. Many hospitals recommend that we use the letters DR
ABC to remember what to do when we have to think
fast.
很多医院建议当我们需要快速思考的时候,我们应
该用DR ABC来提醒我们该做什么。
当 remmmend 后接宾语从句时,从句中通常用
should来表示虚拟语气,should还可以省略。类似的
动词还有suggest,advise,demand,etc.
The teacher recommended that we (should) read the
novel.
老师劝我们读那本小说。
The professor advised his little brother (should) study
harder when he was still young.
那位教授建议他的弟弟趁年轻应该努力学习。
3. There were days when I wished that I were dead so
that I wouldn't have to feel so sick.
那些日子我多么希望我已经死了,这样我就没有必
要忍受那么多的痛苦。
when 这儿接一个定语从句,先行词是days。I wish
后接虚拟语气;so that用了一个目的状语从句。
2. I wish that she were here with Ine and that we weren't
sick.
我但愿她和我呆在这儿,但愿我们都健康。
该句wish接两个that引导的从句。wish接that引
导的从句通常用虚拟语气,表示强烈的愿望或现实
与事实相反,通过从句中的动词过去某种时态来表
现。
I wish your prngram would conic truth as soon as
possible.
我希望你的计划能尽快实现。
How she wish that we had told her the news
yesterday! (In fact we didn't tell her yesterday.)
她多么希望我们昨天告诉她这个消息了!
1. I can became infected with HIV by swimming...
我可能通过游泳感染了 HIV (人体免疫缺损病毒)
... by doing sth. “通过/以……(方式)”是个常见句
型,在第7、8单元中大量使用,如:People transmit
HIV by having unprotected sex, by receiving infected
...By staying Calm we will be...We can also prepare
for an emergency by learning more about...We can do
a lot...by simply asking...等必须熟练掌握。又如:
What do you mean by saying so?
你这么说什么意思?
The little girl made a living by selling newspapers.
小女孩以卖报为生。
6. still, quiet, silent
(1) still用作形容词,意为“静止的,不动的,平静的”。
keep (stay) still 保持不动
lie (stand) still 躺着(站着)不动
a still lake / evening
平静的湖/寂静的夜晚
用作副词,表示“还,仍旧”,可以修饰形容词、副词比
较级。
be still busy 仍然很忙
win still greater success 取得更火成功
(2) still 侧重“一动不动”,quiet指“安静”,无动作,无
声音,无骚乱,其反义词是noisy (吵闹的、喧哗的);
silent 指不出声,不说话。
对比:sit still 坐着不动
Be quiet, and the class will begin.
请安静,马上就要开始上课了。
Hearing the answer, he was silent for a minute or
more.
听了回答之后,他沉默了一两分钟。
☆句型诠释☆
湖北省互联网违法和不良信息举报平台 | 网上有害信息举报专区 | 电信诈骗举报专区 | 涉历史虚无主义有害信息举报专区 | 涉企侵权举报专区
违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com