1. The military (军事) action, against lraq, ____

　 against the wish of the peace-loving people all over

　 the world, broke the international law.

　　　 A. turned out　　　　　　 B. carried out

　　　 C. coming out　　　　　　 D. taking out

14. look up to 尊敬；钦佩

　　 He has always looked up to his father. In his eyes he is

　　 perfect.

　　 他一直尊敬他父亲。在他的眼中，他是完美的。

[拓展] look down on / upon sb. 轻视、瞧不起某人

[考点5]后有 to 的动词短语

① lead to 通向；导致

② look up to 尊敬

③ stick to 坚持

④ get used to 习惯于

⑤ look forward to 渴望；盼望

⑥ get down to 认真做某事

⑦ see to 注意；着手办理

⑧ pay attention to 注意

⑨ devote...to 致力于；投身于

⑩ belong to 属于

⑨ attend to 照顾；照料

⑩ object to 反对

⑩ be opposed to 反对

⑩ refer to 提到；参阅

⑩ contribute to 对……有贡献

⑩ come to 谈到；涉及

⑥ adjust to 适合于

[例句] The bridge leads to the island. 这座桥通向那个

岛。

So many spelling mistakes in the article led to great dif-

ficulty in reading. 该篇文章拼写错误太多，令人看起来

非常费劲。

He's such a devoted teacher that we all look up to him.

他是一个有奉献精神的老师，我们都尊敬他。

He has never felt looked up to. 他从没有觉得有人尊敬

他。

The day they had been looking forward to came at last.

他们渴望的那一天终于到来。

The final examination is coming up soon. It's time for us

　to get down to our studies. 期末考试就要来了。是我们

认真学习的时候了。

This machine is out of order; get a mechanic to see to

　it. 这台机器坏了；找个技工来检修一下。

▲ 友情提示：以上短语中的to是介词．后接名词或动名

词。

[考例5](2004湖北)Once a decision has been made, all

of us should ____ it.

　　 A. direct to　　 B. stick to

　　 C. lead to　　 D. refer to

[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语辨析。

[答案与解析] B　 direct本身是及物动词。后不需to。

refer to的意思是“涉及，参阅．指的是”。

[考点3]与turn有关的短语

① turn out 生产；结果是

② turn down 关小(灯光、音量等)；拒绝

③ turn to 转向；求助于

④ turn up 开大(灯光、音量等)；出现，露面

⑤ turn on / off 打开／关上

⑥ turn aside 闪开；放在一边

⑦ turn over (使)翻转；把某人交给(警方等)

⑧ turn in 上缴；移交

⑨ turn against 背叛

⑩ turn away (from) 转过脸不看

⑩ turn round 转过去

[例句]She turned out six full-length novels in her life.

她一生写了6部长篇小说。

The beggar turned out (to be) a thief. 那个乞丐原来是

个贼。

That radio is pretty loud. Can you turn it down a little?

收音机声音太大，你能开小一点吗?

Many boys expressed their love to Mary, but she

turned them all down. 许多男孩向玛丽表达爱慕之意，

但都被她拒绝了。

After he left the university he became a teacher, but

later he turned to translation. 他大学毕业后当了教师，

但后来转而从事翻译工作。

We often turn to this handbook for information. 我们经

常查阅这本手册寻找资料。

He promised to come, but hasn't turned up yet. 他答应

来，但尚未到。

When he felt tired, he turned aside (from) his books to

listen to the radio. 感到疲劳时，他就把书放在一边去听

收音机。

▲ 友情提示：要准确记住不同的搭配，尤其是一个短语

有多个意思的。

[考例3](2004浙江) We wanted to get home before

dark, but it didn't quite ____ as planned.

　　 A. make out　　 B. turn out

　　 C. go on　　 D. come up

[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语的辨义。

[答案与解析]B　 make out有“弄清楚。明白”的惠思；

turn out 的意思是“结果是．证明是”；go on 的意思是

“继续”!come up 的意思是“过来，走来”。题意是：我们

原来想在天黑前到家，但结果并不像预计的那样。

[考点4]what 短语

① what if 如果……将会怎样?

② what for 为了什么，干什么用

③ what about... ……怎么样?

[例句] What if she finds out you've lost her book? 如果

她发现你弄丢了她的书将会是怎样呢?

What did you do that for? 你干吗做那件事?

What about having a rest? 休息一会儿怎么样?

[考例4](2004全国卷I)

-- Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer?

-- ____?

　　 A. What for　　 B. What is it

　　 C. How is it　　 D. How come

[考查目标] 此题主要考查交际用语。

[答案与解析] A　 根据语境。答语中问的是目的。该句

其实是个省略句，补全后的完整句子是：I go and empty

that drawer for what。what提前构成疑问句就成

了what for 或 for what。

[牛刀小试2]

13. draw (one's) attention to sth. 对……表示注意……

　　 The manager drew my attention to an error in my

　　 report.

　　 经理要我注意报告中的一个错误。

　　 [拓展] pay attention to 注意

　　 call one's attention to sth. 叫某人注意某事

　 turn attention to sth．转移注意力到……

[考点2]与 fire 有关的短语

① be on fire 在燃烧

② set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧

③ catch fire 着火

④ make a fire 生火

⑤ light a fire 点火

⑥ put out a fire 灭火

⑦ play with fire 玩火；冒险

⑧ be on fire for 因……而激动；充满激情

⑨ be full of fire 充满激情

⑩ under fire 受到攻击

[例句] The students are on fire for what they're learn-

ing in the computer class. 学生对电脑课的学习内容充

满激情。

The boy is full of fire. 这孩子充满热情。

The grass caught fire．and the grass was on fire for a

short time. 草燃着了，草烧了一会儿。

He who plays with fire gets burned. 玩火者必自焚(谚

语)。

▲辨析: be on fire 表示状态。而 catch fire 则表示动作-

其完成时不可和段时间状语连用。

[考例2](2004 全国卷II) The forest guards often find

campfires that have not been ____ completely.

　　 A. turned down　　 B. put out

　　 C. put away　　 D. turned over

[考查目标] 此题主要考查动词短语辨义。

[答案与解析]B　 turn down是“调低。拒绝”的意思；

put out是“熄灭，生产，伸出”的意思；put away是“收

拾”的意思；turn over是“翻过来”的意思。

9. I've visited a lot of different places and stayed in lots

　of different hotels, but none of them ____ this

　one.

　　 [短语归类]

[考点1]含 difference 的短语

① make a / no / some, etc. difference (to sb / sth) (对

　 某人／某事物有／没有／有些关系(影响)

② make a difference between 区别对待

③ make some difference to 对……有些(没有)关系

④ have a difference in character 在性格上有差别

[例句] It makes no difference t0 me which side may lose

　 or win. 谁输准赢对我没有什么关系。

She makes a difference between her family and her

work. 她对工作和家庭是有区别的。

[考例1]I'm afraid to tell you that the medicine will

____ no difference to your illness。so stop taking

it.

　　 A. take　　 B. make

　　 C. get　　 D. do

[考查目标] 此题主要考查 difference 的动词搭配问题。

[答案与解析]B　 make a difference 是固定搭配。此时

不可用其他动词。

8. It was decided that the president should be ____

　 directly in free elections．

7. I looked out through the window and ____ her

　 walking along the boat deck(甲板)．

6. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work

　for the Beijing Olympics ____ by 2006.

5. I wasn't ____ of the decision until too late.

4. The light was still on after mid-night in the room. He

　 was ____ to know what was happening in it.

3. One or these methods ____ to protect the earth

　 and reduce waste.