11. equal adj. n. & v.
1) adj. (the same in size, amount, number, degree,
etc.) (大小、数量、数目、程度等) 相等的;同样的。常
与to或with连用。
There should be equal pay for equal work.
同工应同酬。
2) n. (person or thing equal to another) 相等的人或
物;匹敌;相等物。
Is he your equal in strength?
他的力气和你一样大吗?
Let x be the equal of 6, then 3x is 18.
设x与6相等,那么3x与18相等。
Mix with your equals or betters.
与同你相等或比你好的人相交。
3) vt. be equal to 等于;使相等。
He equals me in strength but not in intelligence.
他和我力气相等,但智力不等。
If x equals 7, then 4x equals 28.
设x等于7,那么4x等于28。
13. demand v. & n. 要求,需要
1) n. 要求,需要
It is impossible to satisfy all demands.
有求必应是不可能的。
Teachers are in great demand in this area.
在这个地区很需要教师。
2) v. 要求,需要
I demand that John (should) go there at once.
我要约翰马上去那儿。
This work demands your patience.
这项工作需要你的耐心。
[考点3]demand的用法
▲搭配:
① supply and demand 供需
② refuse / reject one's demand(s) 拒绝某人的要求
③ satisfy / meet / fulfill one's demand(s) 满足某人的
要求
④ demand a reasonable (an immediate) explanation /
answer 要求合理(立即)解释/答复
⑤ make strict demands on sb in sth 严格要求某人= be
strict with sb in sth
▲ 句型:
① sb demand to do sth 要求做某事
② sb demand that主语 + (should) do sth 要求某人做
某事
③ sb demand of sb to do sth = demand one's doing sth
要求某人做某事
④ make the demand that主语 + (should) do sth 要求
某人做某事
⑤ sb. demand sth of / from sb (不容否定地)向某人要
求某事/某物
⑥ sth demand sth 需要
⑦ sb / sth be in great / high demand (in sp.)(某地)急
需……
⑧ There is much / a great / no demand for sb / sth (in
sp.) 某地急需/不需要……
▲辨析:demand;require
两词均意为“需要,需求”,但demand指大胆地、权威性
地要求对方或自己认为有权利向某人提供某物或提出
做某事·其后不接动名词,可接名词或不定式,被要求
人小直接作demand的宾语。require指因有需要或有
权要求某物或做某事。含有权威性和公正性的语气。
[Ir指根据事物内在原因提出的要求。demand,require
后接宾语从句时.都要用虚拟语气。
▲ 友情提示:
(1) 禁止使用demand sb to do sth 结构。
(2)“某地急需…”还可表达为
① sth be in great need in sp.
② sb / sp. be in great need of sth
③ sp. is short of sth 紧缺……
[考例3l She ____ us to go there at once.
A. demanded B. hoped
C. required D. refused
[考查目标] 动词的常见结构及用法。
[答案与解析]C demand和hope,refuse都只能直接
接to如作宾语,而不接sb to do sth结构。
[考点9]discuss的用法
▲ 构词:discussion讨论;议论;辩论;论述;商议
▲ 搭配:
① discuss sth in groups 分组讨论某事
② (be) under discussion (作表语或后置定语) = (be)
being discussed ……(正)在讨论巾
③ take part in a discussion (on sth)参加(某事的)讨论
▲句型:
① discuss sth (with sb) (和某人)讨论某事
② discuss (with sb) wh- + to do sth / wh- + clause /
how sth should be done
③ discuss doing sth 讨论干某事
④ Discussion(s) be going on among sb about sth 某人
就某事展开了讨论
⑤ sth come up for discussion 某事(被)提出讨论
⑥ have / hold a (+形容词) discussion about / on / o-
ver sth (with sb) (和某人)如何讨论有关某事
常见形容词有heated (热烈),hot (热烈),stormy (激
烈的),further (进一步),friendly (友好),long (长时
间),much (多),brief (简短的),full (充分的);have
another discussion about / on sth 再次讨论有关某事
▲友情提示:discuss是及物动词,后面不能再跟about,
但用名词discussion表达讨论某事时,则必须跟about
或on.
[考例9]After the meeting,you should ____ about
the topic of the subject with the famous scientist.
A. discuss B. quarrel
C. debate D. fight
[考查目标] 考查动词的词义与辨析。
[答案与解析]A discuss 表示“讨论”;quarrel表示“争
吵”;debate 表示“争辩”;fight 表示“打斗”。
[考点lO]end的用法
▲ 构词:
① ending n. 结尾;结局
② endless adj. 无穷尽的;无休止的
③ endlessly adv. 无穷尽地;无休止地
▲ 搭配:
① at the end (of) 在……最后;在……尽头
② end up 结束;终结;告终
③ end up with 以……告终
④ end in success / failure 以成功/失败而告终
⑤ put an end to sth (=end sth) 结束……
⑥ sth come to an end (= sth end) ……结束了
⑦ sth draw to an end 接近尾声
⑧ bring sth to an end 使……结束
⑨ call for / demand an end to sth 要求结束……
⑩ in the end 最后;终于
⑩ at the end 最后
⑩ at the end of + (时间段或地点名词) 在……末尾
⑩ by the end of 到……为止(强调时间的段)
⑩ at the other end of... 在……的那一头
⑩ at either end of 在……(两者)的任一头
⑩ fight to the end 战斗到底
▲ 句型:
① by the end of + 过去时间(主语 + had + pp.); by the
end of + 将来时间(主语 + will have + pp.)
② sth end (up) with...;sb end up...with... 以……结束
③ sth end (= sth be over)... ……结束了 end sth 结束
▲辨析:complete;end;finish
该组词均有“完成,结束,终止”之意。但end为普通用
词,指一种活动因达到目的而自然结束或因某一原因
突然终止,可以用来作业、演讲、争论、旅行、战争或生
命等的结束、终止。还可用作名词。finish为常用词,
指完成一件事或一个动作,强调圆满地结束已着手的
事情,可与名词、动名词搭配,但不能与不定式搭配。
complete正式用语。与finish基本同义。着重指完成预
定的任务.多用来指完成整个计划、工程系统。一个作
家可以说 complete 或 finish (写完) 他的小说,而一个
读者只能说 finish (读完) 一本小说。complete 可以表
示使某事物完善,补足缺少的部分,使之成为一个整
体。而 finish 则不能。例如:
He ended his letter with good wishes to the family. 他
以向全家问好结束他的信。
He has finished writing a speech. 他写好了一篇发言
稿。
He completed the whole job in two days. 他用两天时间
做完了全部工作。
[考例10](2003上海春招) By the end of last year, an-
other new gymnasium ____ ln Beijing.
A. would be completed
B. was being completed
C. has been completed
D. had been completed
[考查目标] 考查时态的具体运用。
[答案与解析]D By the end of last year 暗示要使用
过去完成时态。
1. benefit vi. 受益 n. 益处
1) benefit from / by sth. = receive benefit from 受益
于;得益
Who will benefit from the old man's death?
那位老人死后谁将是受益人?
He hasn't benefited from the experience.
他虽有体验却无长进。
2) benefit vt. 使受益;有利于;有益于 = do good to,
to be useful to
Such foolish behaviour will not benefit your case.
这种愚蠢的行为不会对你的情况有利。
3) n. 优越条件;利益;好处,相当于“pmfit,
advantage, good effect”,通常与以下例句中所示的动
词及介词连用。
She had the benefit of a good education.
她受过良好的教育,这是她的优越之处。
It is of great benefit to everyone.
这对于每个人都有极大的好处。
Because of illness, she didn't get much benefit from
her stay abroad.
她呆在国外因病而没得到多大的收获。
[考点1]benefit的用法
▲搭配:
① benefit from 从……中受益
② for the benefit of 为了某人的利益
▲句型:
① be of (great / much) benefit to...= be (very) bene-
ficial to 对……有利/有益
②benefit sb / sth 使……获益
[考例1]The book is of ____ benefit ____ us.
A. great; for B. much; for
C. very; beneficial D. great; to
[考查目标]考查搭配与运用。
[答案与解析]D be of (great / much) beneit to...=
be (very) beneficial to 表示“对……有利/有益”。
6. absorb v.
1) 吸收
Use the cbth to absorb the ink.
用布吸干墨水。
She is a good student and absorbed new ideas quickly.
她是一个好学生,吸收新思想很快。
2) 常用被动,be absorbed in全神贯注于;专心致志
His business absorbed him. / He is absorbed in his
business.
他专心处理业务。
fabsorbing = very interesting
非常吸引人的;引人入胜的
absorbed (人) 精神集中的
absorbent 能吸收水分等的
5. ... is often followed by ...
☆词汇短语☆
4. One of the reasons why ... is ...
3. What happened first was that ...
2. The nutrients is whatever falls into the ocean will
quickly become available to other living things.
1. What is it that makes the ocean such a great place to
live?
13. call in 召集
☆交际用语☆
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