2. act as, act like

　 (1) act as 的意思是“充当”，“担任”，相当于serve as，

　 可与人或物连用，如：doctor，director，intepreter，

　 guide，coach，teacher，go-between，furniture，tools等

　 字搭配使用，as是连词。

　 This herb can act as an antidote against snakebite.

　 这种药草可用作蛇咬的解毒药。

　 Last summer she acted as a guide for tourists.

　 去年夏天，她担任旅游向导。

　 (2) act like 的意思是“行为像”，“举动像”，相当于英

　 语的to act in the manner of，它常与人或动物名词连

　 用，like是介词，其后接宾语。

　 The child acts like a grow-up.

　 那个孩子的举动像成年人一样。

　 Don't act like a fool!

　 别像傻瓜一般!

[牛刀小试2]

1. attend, join, join in, participate, take part in

　 这些动词或词组都有“参加，加入”之意。

　 (1)attend 侧重于指参加或出席会议或学术活动等。

　 The meeting was well attended.

　 很多人出席了会议。

　 They had a quiet wedding -- only a few friends attended

　 it．

　 他们的婚礼静悄悄的 - 只有几个朋友参加。

　 (2)join 普通用词。指加入党派、团体或游戏活动等。

　 He joined the army after he left the university.

　 他大学毕业后就参军了。

　 (3)join in 指参加活动或游戏。

　 Can Ijoin in the game?

　 我能参加这个游戏吗?

　 They all joined in,singing the Christmas carols．

　 他们一起唱圣诞颂歌。

　 (4)participate正式用词，特指参加团体活动，暗示以

　 一个积极的角色参加。

　 She actively participates in local politics.

　 她积极参与本地政治活动。

　 (5)take part in 侧重参加某次群众性、集体性的事

　 业、工作或活动，突出参加者在其中发挥一定的作

　 用。

　 He took an active part in the discussion held yesterday.

　 他积极参加昨天举行的讨论会。

5. take advantage of 充分利用 = make use of sth.

　 properly

　 They took full advantage of the hotel's equipment.

　 他们充分利用旅馆的设备。

　 She took advantage of my honesty.

　 她利用了我的诚实。

　　 ☆词语比较☆

15. regardless of 不管……；不顾……

　 He says what he thinks, regardless of other people's

　 feelings.

　 他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的情绪。

　 Regardless ofwhether heis right orwrong, we have to

　 abide bv his decisions.

　 不管他对还是错，我们都得遵守他的决定。

[考点3]与 sight 有关的短语

① at first sight 一见就……；初次看见时

② at the sight of 一看见就……

③ be in sight 看得见。在眼前

④ catch (have，gain，get) sight of 发现；看出

⑤ come in (into) sight 呈现在眼前

⑥ find favour in sb's sight 受某人欢迎(宠爱)，被看中

⑦ fix one's sight on(upon)... 注视

⑧ go (get) out of sight 看不见了

⑨ lose one's sight 失明

[例句] I recognized him at first sight. 我一眼就认出了

他。

They ran away at the sight of the police. 他们一看到警

察就跑了。

I was walking along the country road when I caught

sight of a fox catching a cock in its mouth. 走在乡村小

道上时。我突然看见一只狐狸嘴里叼着一只公鸡。

He stood at the airport and watched until the plane was

out of sight in the sky. 他站在机场上看着飞机直到它

消失在空中。

Peace was in sight. 和平在望。

[考例3]I caught ____ of her ____ away but l

didn't try to speak to her.

　　 A. hold；to hurry　　 B．sight；hurrying

　　 C．hold；hurry　　 D．sight；hurried

[考查目标]此题主要考查短语辨义以及非谓语动词的

用法区别。

[答案与解析]B　 catch hold of 抓住，catch sight of，

看见．属于感官动词，后接动名词，表示动作正在进行。

题意是：我看见她匆忙离开。但没有跟她打招呼。

14. make sense

　 1) 有意义；有道理；讲得通

　 What you say makes no sense.

　 你说的话没有道理。

　 2) 明智的；合情理的

　 It doesn't make sense to buy that expensive coat when

　 these cheaper onesarejust as good.

　 这些便宜的大衣也很好，何必非买那件贵的不可。

　 It would make sense to leave early.

　 还是早点儿走好。

　 注意区别 make sense 和 make sense of, make sense of

　 的意思是“理解或弄懂困难的事物”。

　 This sentence doesn't make any sense.

　 这个句子说不通。

[考点4]与 prison 有关的短语

① put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱

② throw / cast sb into prison 把某人关进监狱

③ send sb to prison 把某人关进监狱

④ go to prison 入狱；被监禁

⑤ be taken to prison 被关人监狱

⑥ break prison (= escape from prison) 越狱，从狱中逃

　 走

⑦ be in prison 在监狱(服刑)

[例句]He has been in prison for five years. 他坐了五年

牢。

He broke prison and went abroad. 他越狱逃到国外去

了。

The pickpocket was sent to prison for a year. 那个小偷

被判处一年监禁。

▲ 友情提示：与prison有关的短语中，要注意有无冠词

的差异。go to the prison 到监狱去(不是坐牢)；而go

to prison 入狱，被监禁(去坐牢)。

[考例4]Having been in ____ prison for a month,

Charles, who looked very like Sidney, was carried out

of ____ prison and taken home.

　　 A. 不填; the　　 B. 不填; 不填

　　 C. the; 不填　　 D. the; the

[考查目标] 此题主要考查prison的词义。

[答案与解析]A　 prison用于“被监禁”、“入狱”时，

prison前无冠词。当prison指具体的场所时，则前应

带冠词。

7. give off 放出，发出

　 Burning leaves give off thick smoke.

　 烧焦的树叶发出一股浓烟。

　 The gas gave off an unpleasant smell.

　 这种气体发出一种难闻的气味。

　 [拓展]与 give 有关的短语

　 give away 赠送

　 give out 分发

　 give in 屈服

　 give up 放弃

　 give birth to 生(孩子)，使诞生

　 give rise to 引起

[考点1]与hand有关的短语

① join hands 携手；合伙

② have a hand in 参与，插手

③ at hand 在手边，在附近；即将到来

④ lend / give (sb) a hand in 帮忙，参加

⑤ by hand 手工的

⑥ with / by the (a) strong hand 强制地

⑦ hand in 上交

⑧ hand in hand 手拉手

⑨ hands up 举手

⑩ hand to hand 短兵相接

⑩ in hand 在手中(持有)

⑥ on the hand..., on the other hand 一方面……，另一方

　 面……

[例句] He joined hands with his brother to start their

own company. 他和他的弟弟联手共建自己的公司。

I had a hand in arranging the party. 我参与了聚会的筹

备工作。

The autumn harvest is at hand. 秋收就要到来。

This toy was made by hand. 这个玩具是手工制作的。

They will carry out the measure with a strong hand. 他

们将强制执行这项措施。

[考例1]We can ____ the workers and peasants in

　participating in the revolution.

　　 A. take part in　　 B. connect with

　　 C. join hands with　　 D. ask for

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语的使用问题。

[答案与解析]C　 take part in 参加(活动)。connect

with 指交通工具相衔接。ask for 要求。语境中要填

“携手合作”。

[考点5]make短语

①make up构成；化妆；编造；弥补

②make it按时到达；成功做某事

③make sense有意义

④make sense of理解

⑤make out辨认出；理解

⑥ make clear (清楚)说明；表明

⑦ make peace 讲和

⑧ make room for 给……让地方

[例句]Ten doctors make up the medical team. = The

medical team is made up of ten doctors. 这支医疗队由

10名医生组成。

After years as an unsuccessful businessman he's finally

made it. 多年以来他是一个不成功的商人，但最后终于

成功了。

His arguments have never made much sense. 他的争论

没有意义。

I can't make out the address, which was written so bad-

ly. 我无法辨认出这个地址，写得太潦草了。

Have you made your peace with your wife yet? 你和你

妻子讲和了吗?

There were already three people sitting on the sofa。but

l tried to make room for her. 沙发上已坐了三人，但我

想给她腾个地方。

She made it clear that she would leave. 她说得很清楚她

要离开。

[考例5]The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for

a few seconds to try to ____.

　　 A. make it out　　 B. make it off

　　 C. make it up　　 D. make it over

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语辨义。

[答案与解析]A　 因为我受到迷惑，所以努力发现真

相。make it out发现真相。

3. break down

　 1) 拆散，分解

　 Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful

　 substances.

　 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。

　 We should break down old conventions and think big.

　 我们应该打破旧框框，敢于幻想。

　 2) (机器) 损坏

　 The car broke down halfway to the destination.

　 汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。

　 The 8 o'clock train broke down at Beijing Station and

　 W&S taken off the line.

　 8点钟的那趟车因在北京车站出了故障而被取消

　 了。

　 [拓展]关于 break 的一些短语：

　 break up [分解，拆散；驱散，解散，终止；(某种关系)结束)] / break away from 脱离；挣脱 / break into 破门而入 / break out 爆发；发生 / break through 突破

　 break down 与 break up 均有“分解”的意思。break

　 down 一般指化学变化，break up 一般指物理变化。

　 Water can be broken down into hydmgen and oxygen.

　 水可以分解成氢和氧。(化学变化)

　 The ice of the river begins to break up at the beginning

　 of March.

　 河里的冰在三月初开始融化。(物理变化)

[考点2]与example有关的短语

① set / give sb an example = set / give an example to sb

　 给某人树立榜样

② follow sb's example = copy the example of sb 学习某

　 人的样子

③ take sb as an example 以某人为榜样

④ take sb / sth for example 以某人／某事为例

⑤ for example 例如

[例句] He arrived at the office early，to set an exampJe

to the others. 为了给他人树立榜样，他及早到了办公室。

They set an example of plain living. 他树立了简朴生活

的榜样。

His politeness is a good example for others to follow. 他

的彬彬有礼是别人学习的榜样。

Take An Youqi(for example), she's an excellent sing-

er. 以安又琪为例，他是个优秀的歌手。

[考例2]We should look up to him ____ a shining

　example ____ bravery and wisdom.

　　 A. as; of　　 B. for; as

　　 C. as; for　　 D. with; of

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语中的介词使用问题。

[答案与解析]A　 我们应该尊敬他，把他作为一个闪光

的典型。第一空应是“作为”，第二空应是“勇敢和智慧

的典型”，所以应填of。

16. at first sight 乍一看

　 It may, at first sight, seem a surprising choice.

　 乍一看，这个选择似乎令人惊讶。

　 Tom loved Mary at first sight.

　 汤姆对玛丽一见钟情。

　 [拓展]与 sight 有关的短语

　 catch sight of 看到

　 in / within sight 看得见

　 out of sight 看不见

6. Indeed, she ____ like a teacher to us.

[短语归类]

5. If you often practise ____ English, your spoken

　 English will be greatly improved.