3. As we joined the big crowd. I got ____　 from my

　 friend. (NMET 2001)

　　　 A. separated　　　　　 B. spared

　　　 C. lost　　　　　　　　 D. missed

2. It was with great joy ____ he received the news

　 that his daughter had been found. (2004 福建)

　　　 A. because　　　　　　 B. which

　　　 C. since　　　　　　　 D. that

1. I have always been honest and straight forward, and

　 it doesn't matter ____ I'm talking to. (2004 广东)

　　　 A. who is it　　　　　 B. who it is

　　　 C. it is who　　　　　 D. it is whom

2. whatever 在从句中的用法既可以引导让步状语从

　　 句，也可以引导名词性从句，当 whatever 引导让步状

　　 语从句时，相当于 no matter what。当 whatever 引导

　　 名词性从句时，whatever 相当于 anything that。

　　 You can eat whatever you like.

　　 你想吃什么就吃什么。(宾语从句)

　　 Whatever I have is yours.

　　 我的东西都是你的。(主语从句)

　　 Keep calm, whatever (= no matter what) happens.

不论出什么事都要冷静。(让步状语从句)

[句型归纳]

[考点1]What is it that makes the ocean such a great

place to live? 是什么使得海洋成为如此大的居住空间

呢?

本句为强调句型，其结构为：It + is / was + 被强调部分

+ that (强调人时也可用who) + 句子其他部分，用来强

调除谓语以外的其他成分。例如：

It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you

come from or what you are. 重要的是你的工作能力，而

不是你的出身和来历。

What is it that Hawking does not like about his speech

computer? 霍金对他的语音电脑不满意的地方是什么呢?

注意：如果被强调的是动词，则在动词之前加do。或

did，或does。例如：

She does get up very early every morning. 她确实每天

起得很早。

[考例1](2004上海) Why! I have nothing to confess.

　____ you want me to say?

　　 A. What is it that　　 B．What it is that

　　 C. How is it that　　 D. How it is that

[考查目标]本题考查考生对特殊疑问句与强调句型混

合结构的运用能力。

[答案与解析]A　 本句为强调句型同时又是特殊疑问

句。选择时要注意两点：用疑问语序；特殊疑问词充当

say的宾语，必须使用代词what。

[考点2]What all these groups have in common is that

they ask to be treated with respect, share the rights to

work。good housing conditions and education and be trea-

ted equal to other people in all ways. 这些组织的共同之

处就是他们要求受到尊重，拥有工作。良好的住房条件

和受教育的权利。并且在各方面与其他人一样受到平

等的对待。

本句中，要注意what引导的主语从句和that引导的表

语从句。它们都是名词性从句。名词性从句包括四

种，即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。

名词性从句常由that，who，whom，what，whether及

when，where引导。且必须是陈述句语序。例如：

That light travels in straight line is known to all. (主语

从句，That引导主语从句不可省)

It was my fault that I had him play football all after-

noon. (主语从句，通常以it作形式主语出现)

The reason why he was late was that he missed the

tram’by one minute this morning. (表语从句)

The teacher totd us that Tom had left us for America.

(宾语从句)

The idea that one can do the work without thinking is

wrong. (同位语从句，说明idea的具体内容)。

[考例2](2004上海)After Yang Liwei succeeded in

circling the earth, ____ our astronauts desire to dO

is walk in space.

　　 A. where　　 B. what

　　 C. that　　 D. how

[考查目标]本题考查考生对名词性从句的运用能力。

[答案与解析]B　 连词what引导主语从句，其中what

在主语从句中充当do的宾语。

[考点3]In the end the government lamyers in the capital

said that the bus company was wrong to separate blacks

from whites. 最后，该州首府的政府律师说，公共汽车公

司把黑人与白人分离开是错误的。

本句中，要注意separate...from 的用法。separate通常

是指把原来连在一起或靠近的事物“分离、分开”，也可

作形容词用，表示“单独的”。例如：

The electrician separated the broken wire from the oth-

ers. 电工把断了的电线和其他电线分开。

The word has two separate meanings. 那个单词有两种

不同的意思。

注意：divide...into 强调把一个整体分为若干部分。例

如：

Let's divide the cake into three. 我们将蛋糕分成三份

吧。

[考例3](2004上海) Hospital staff burst into cheers

after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have

____ one-year-old twins at the head．

　　 A. isolated　　 B. separated

　　 C. divided　　 D. removed

[考查目标]本题考查考生对动词的辨析和运用能力。

[答案与解析]B　 isolate 表示“使……孤立”；separate

表示“把……分开(原本不是整体)”；divide表示“把整

体分成若干部分”；remove表示“把……移开”。根据本

题题义可以知道，需要填separate。

[考点4]In 1893, New Zealand became the first country

in the world to give women the right to vote. 在1893年。

新西兰成为世界上第一个赋予妇女选举权的国家。

本句中，要注意动词不定式作定语的用法。the first，

the last，the next等常可在后面跟不定式作定语。这

时，the first，the last，the next等常可用作代词。例

如：

He is always the first to come and the last to lcave. 他

总是第一个来，最后一个走。

T0day Tom was the first to finl’sh his homework. 今天

汤姆是第一个完成作业的。

[考例4](2003上海春招) She will teIl us why she feels

so strongly that each of us has a role ____ in mak-

ing the earth a better place to live.

　　 A. to have played　　 B. to play

　　 C. to be played　　 D. to be playing

[考查目标] 本题考查考生对动词不定式的运用能力。

[答案与解析]B　 play a role 表示“发挥作用，扮演角

色”。本题中，所给选项动词不定式在句中作定语，与

名词role存在着动宾关系，同时又与主语she存在着逻

辑上的主谓关系。须用动词不定式的主动形式表示被

动意义。

[牛刀小试3]

1. as

　 as一词用法非常灵活，现将高中阶段习惯用法总结

　 如下：

　 1) adv. (副词)

　 同等地；一样地；同一限度或程度地

　 This dress is twice as expensive as that.

　 这件连衣裙比那件贵一倍。

　 2) conj. (连接词)

　 ① 像；如同；同等的程度或量，常用作关联词置于so

　 或as之后。

　 The situation is not so bad as you suggest.

　 情形不像你说的那样糟。

　 ② in the same manner or way that：以同样方式；以同

　 样方法

　 Do as I say and sit down.

　 照我说的，坐下。

　 ③ (at the same time that；while) 同时；当……时

　 I slipped on the ice as I ran home.

　 我跑回家时在冰上滑了一跤。

　 ④ (for the reason; on that; because) 由于；因为

　 I went to bed early, as I was exhausted.

　 我睡得早，因为我筋疲力尽了。

　 ⑤ (although) 尽管；即使；虽然。用于形容词或副词

　 之后，引导让步状语从句。

　 Young as I am, I already know what career I want to

　 follow.

　 我虽然还小，可是对要从事的职业已胸有成竹r。

　 ⑥ (with the result that) 结果

　 He was so foolish as to lie.

　 他太傻才会撒谎。

　 3) pron. (代词) 相当于that；which；who。用在

　 same 或 such后，引导定浯从句。

　 I received the same grade as you did.

　 我和你得分一样。

　 4) prep. (介词)

　 ① (in the role, capacity, or function of) 以……的身

　 份，作为；充当角色、身份或功能。

　 They entered the building dressed up as cleaners.

　 他们化装成清洁工人的模样进人大楼。

　 ② (when or while sb. is...) 当某人是(某身份)的时候

　 As a child she was sent to six different schools.

　 她儿时前后上过六所学校。

　 5) 常用短语：

　 so as to 为了

　 so as not to 以便不；免得

　 so...as to 这(那)样……以致

　 so long as 只要

　 as for 至于；就……方面说来

　 as if / though 好像……似的；仿佛……一样

　　 as it is 事实上；实际上；照现在的样子

　　 as they are 事实上；实际上；照现在的样子

　　 aS it were 仿佛；好像；可以说

　　 as many (much) as 到……程度；多达；和……一样多

　　 as to 谈到；关于；至于

　 　as we 同样；也

5.-- Where's the dictionary?

　 -- It's on the top sheik, out of ____.

　　　 A. sight　　　　　　　 B. touch

　　　 C. reach　　　　　　　 D. order

　　 ☆句型诠释☆

4. Smith ____ for 2 years for political reasons when

　　 he was young.

A. was put in prison

B. was in the prison

　　　 C. was sent to the prison

　　 D. was in prison

3. I want you to ____ during my interview with the

　 police.

　　 A. join hands　　 B. be at hand

　　 C. do by hand　　 D. have hand

2. Not having a good excuse for being late，Sally made

　 one ____.

　　 A. out　　 B. off

　　 C. over　　 D. up

1. I will show you how to hit the ball and then you must

　 ____ my example．

　　 A．copy　　 B．watch

　　 C．set　　 D．make