68. The purpose of the two experiments is to 　　　　.

A. explain when people can have a sixth sense

B. show how people act while being watched in the lab

C. study whether humans can sense when they are stared at

D. prove why humans have a sixth sense

71. Which of the following statements is true?

　　　 A. The babies didn’t have a sense of direction.

　 　 B. The older babies preferred toy trains to balls.

　 C. The younger babies liked looking for missing objects.

　 D. The babies couldn’t tell a ball from its optical illusion.

04重庆D

Have you ever had the strange feeling that you were being watched? You turned around and, sure enough, someone was looking right at you!

Parapsychologists(灵学家)say that humans have a natural ability to sense when someone is looking at them. To research whether such a “sixth sense” really exists, Robert Baker, a psychologist(心理学家)at the University of Kentucky, performed two experiments.

In the first one, Baker sat behind unknowing people in public places and stared at the backs of their heads for 5 to 15 minutes. The subjects(受试者)were eating, drinking, reading studying, watching TV, or working at a computer. Baker made sure that the people could not tell that he was sitting behind them during those periods. Later, when he questioned the subjects, almost all of them said they had no sense that someone was staring at them.

For the second experiment, Baker told the subjects that they would be stared at from time to time from behind a two way mirror in a laboratory setting. The people had to write down when they felt they were being stared at and when they weren’t. Baker found that the subjects were no better at telling when they were stared at and when they weren’t. Baker found that the subjects were no better at telling when they were started at than if they had just guessed.

Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when they’re being stared at. If people doubt the outcome of his two experiments, said Baker, “I suggest they repeat the experiments and see for themselves.”

70. What did Bower use in his experiments?

　　　 A. A chair.　　 　　　　　 B. A screen.　　 　　 C. A film.　　 　　　　　 D. A box.

69. In Paragraph 3, “object permanence” means that when out of sight, an object ________.

　　　 A. still exists　　　　　　　 B. keeps its shape 　 C. still stays solid　　　　 D. is beyond reach

68. The passage is mainly about _____.

　　 A. babies’ sense of sight　　 　　　　　　　　　　 B. effects of experiments on babies

　　　 C. babies’ understanding of objects　　 　　 D. different tests on babies’ feelings

67. The students felt proud of Helios because______.

　 　 A. it could run as far as 350 miles　 　　　　　 B. it was favored by many children

　 C. it had high-quality batteries　　　 　　　　　 D. it was driven by clean energy

04北京D

　　 Grown-ups know that people and objects are solid. At the movies, we know that if we reach out to touch Tom Cruise, all we will feel is air. But does a baby have this understanding?

　　 To see whether babies know objects are solid, T. Bower designed a method for projecting an optical illusion(视觉影像)of a hanging ball. His plan was to first give babies a real ball, one they could reach out and touch, and then to show them the illusion. If they knew that objects are solid and they reached out for the illusion and found empty air, they could be expected to show surprise in their faces and movements. All the 16-to 24- week -old babies tested were surprised when they reached for the illusion and found that the ball was not there.

　　 Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. We know that if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. But does a baby realize that a ball that rolls under a chair does not disappear and go to never-never land?

　　 Experiments done by Bower suggest that babies develop a sense of object permanence when they are about 18 weeks old. In his experiments, Bower used a toy train that went behind a screen. When 16-week-old and 22-week-old babies watched the toy train disappear behind the left side of the screen, they looked to the right, expecting it to reappear. If the experimenter took the train off the table and lifted the screen, all the babies seemed surprised not to see the train. This seems to show that all the babies had a sense of object permanence. But the second part of the experiment showed that this was not really the case. The researcher substituted(替换)a ball for the train when it went behind the screen. The 22-week-old babies seemed surprised and looked back to the left side for the train. But the 16-week -old babies did not seem to notice the switch(更换). Thus, the 16-week-old babies seemed to have a sense of “something permanence,” while the 22-week-old babies had a sense of object permanence related to a particular object.

66. What would be the best title for the text.'?　　　　

　　 A. The Making of Helios　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. 1999 American Tour de Sol

　 　 C. Sun-powered Cars on the Road　 　　　　　 D. Use of Green Cars in Connecticut

65. How many sun-powered cars took part in the race?　　　

　　　 A. 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. 4.　　　　　　　　　　　 C. 23.　　　　　　　　　　　 D. 44.

64. What is special about the car Helios in the text?　　　　

　　　 A. It was built by middle school students.　　 B. It has an attractive design.

　　 C. It was made in 1971.　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. It won the fourth prize.

71. What might be the most suitable title for the text?

　　　 A. Two Important Tests on Airplanes 　　　　 B. The Importance of Flying Safely

　　　 C. The Danger of Testing Airplanes 　　　　　 D. How Airplanes Are Made and Tested

04全国卷2C

It's not the flashiest car in the world. Not even close. But the 1971 Volkswagen named Helios can do something most cars can't: nm on solar energy – energy from the sun's light and heat!

　　 Joshua Bechtold, 14, and the other students at the Riverside School in Lyndonville, Vermont, worked many months to get Helios ready for the 1999 　American Tour de Sol ("Sol" is the Latin word for "sun"). They named their car after Helios, the sun god in Greek mythology(神话).

　　 The 4-year-old Tour de Sol encourages the use of "green", or environmentally friendly, cars to help reduce pollution and save energy. It’s not a race. Cars are　 judged on fuel efficiency(耗油量) rather than speed. In the week-long event, 44 cars took the 350-mile tour from Waterbury, Connecticut, to Lake George, New York. Of the 23 student cars, Helios was the only one built by middle school students.

　　 A teacher drove Helios, but the children talked with people wherever they stopped along the mad. "That was my favorite part," says Anna Browne, 15. "We explained how the car runs.”

　　 Due in part to old, inefficient batteries(电池), Helios finished fourth - out of four - in its kind, the sun-powered class. "We were there for the fun of it," Anna says. "We're proud of Helios," says Ariel Gleicher, 14. "It's a car that's good for the environment."