2. The secretary worked late into the night, _______ a long speech for the president.

　A. who prepars B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing

1. -You are brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

　-Well, now I regret _______ that.

　A. to do B. to be doing C. have done D. having done

4. 作状语

　现在分词作状语可以表示伴随、原因、条件、结果等。如:

　All the students sat in the classroom, waiting for their new teacher to come. 所有的学生都坐在教室里等待新老师的到来。 (伴随)

　Not having received his reply, she decided to write a second letter. (由于)没有收到他的回信,她决定再写一封。 (原因)

　Seeing from the top of the hill, you can find the city more beautiful. (如果)从小山顶上看,你会发现这座城市更美丽。(条件)

　My parents went to a birthday party yesterday, leaving me alone at home. 昨天我父母去参加一个生日舞会,留下我一个人在家。(结果)

　值得注意的是,现在分词作状语时如果句中主语不是自己的逻辑主语,也可以带自己的主语,构成独立主格结构.此外, 现在分词也可以用在with的复合结构中表示其逻辑主语是分词动作的发出者。如:

　Weather permitting, we will go out for a picnic tomorrow. 如果明天天气允许的话,我们将去野餐。(独立主格结构)

　With a guide leading the way, we found the village easily. 由于有向导引路,我们轻易就找到了那个村庄。(含with的复合结构作状语)

　实践演练:

3. 作宾语补足语

　动词的现在分词作宾补表明宾语正在进行的动作。可以带现在分词作宾补的动词有find, see, hear, watch, have, get, catch, keep, leave等。如:

　When I came in, I found him lying in bed. 我进来时发现他躺在床上。

2. 作表语

　现在分词作表语表示主语的性质,这时通常可以看作形容词,可以用very, so或much等修饰。如:

　The news that our team had been beaten by them in the match was very surprising. 我们队在比赛中被他们打败的消息让人感到很意外。

　The sound we heard last night was so frightening. 我们昨晚听到的声音令人恐怖。

　现在分词作表语与现在分词用于进行时态表达的意义是不同的.作表语,说明主语具备的性质,描述的是一种状态;而与助动词be构成现在进行时态和过去进行时态则强调动作正在发生,侧重对动作的描述。试比较:

　Mr. Zhang is encouraging his students to study English thoroughly. 张老师在鼓励学生们学好英语.

　The book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣。

1. 作定语

　现在分词作定语时表示该动作正在进行。单个现在分词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面.现在分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后。如:

　The rising sun looks very beautiful. 冉冉升起的太阳看上去很美。

　若被修饰词与现在分词是被动关系时,须用现在分词的被动式(being done)作定语。如:

　The song being broadcast is very popular with the young students. 正在播放的歌曲深受青年学生的欢迎。

　现在分词与动名词作定语的区别:现在分词与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系,而动名词作定语表示作用与用途。如:

　Let sleeping dogs lie. 别招惹麻烦。(现在分词。相当于定语从句 which are sleeping)

　I think some sleeping pills may help you. 我想安眠药可以助你入睡。(动名词.表示用途,相当于pills for sleeping)

3. 作定语

　动名词作定语时表示被修饰词的用途和作用。如:

　Don't forget to take a shopping basket with you. 别忘了带上购物篮子。

2. 作宾语

　动名词常跟在某些动词如enjoy, finish, mind, can't help(禁不住), suggest(建议), advise, consider(考虑), practise, admit, imagine等以及含介词的短语动词insist on, stop...from, look forward to, pay attention to等后面作宾语。如:

　Do you mind my smoking here? 你介意我在这儿吸烟吗?

1. 作主语、表语

　动名词作主语和表语表示泛指。如:

　Tom's not having finished his homework made his teacher angry. 汤姆没有完成作业使老师很生气.(主语)

　Her job is keeping the offices clean. 她的工作是保持办公室清洁。(表语)

24.现在分词与动名词的区别]

V-ing 在英语中可以看作是动名词和现在分词,它们都可以用作非谓语动词,在句中可以充当一定的句子成分。现将其可以充当的句子成分列表对照如下: