①.从…上下来, 脱离…(相当于down from或away from)

　　　　 a. The picture fell off the wall.

　　　　 b. The man jumped off the horse.

　　　　 c. She was knocked off the bike in the street.

②.不在…上面

　　　　 a. Green peas is now off the menu.

　　　　 b. The ship was blown off its course.

　 　　　　c. What he said was off the subject.

③.在离…不远处

　　　　 a. They lived in a little house off Harbor Street.

　　　　 b. There is a petrol station just off the main road.

　　 ④.词组和固定搭配: off balance失去平衡; off duty不上班, 下班

①.表示所有关系, 即 “…的”

　　　　 a. I am an old friend of his father.

　　　　 b. This is a custom of the country.

　　　　 c. Do you know anything of this new novel of Carlson’s.

②.表示人或物的特征:

　　　　 a. They were both of middle height.

　　　　 b. The manager is of the same opinion.

　　　　 c. The work I am doing is of much value.

　　　　 d. It is of no use to talk to him about it.

　　　　 e. He was a person of wide social relationships.

　　　　 f. He looked to be a young man of twenty.

　　　　 g. I am used to dealing with matters of this sort.

　　　　 h. Do you think a play of this length is too long for a magazine ?

　　 ③.和某些动词连用, 意思接近about

　　　　 a. They began to talk of Paris.

　　　　 b. He told his parents of what he had been doing.

　　　　 c. Please inform Mary of the decision.

　　 ④.和某些形容词连用, 表示 “对于, 因为”

　　　　 a. What are you afraid of ?

　　　　 b. He was tired of doing things of this kind.

　　　　 c. We are proud of our motherland.

　　　　 d. You ought to be ashamed of yourself.

　　 ⑤.表示数量或种类

　　　　 a. I am going to buy a packet of cigarettes.

　　　　 b. They drank a pot of China tea.

　　　 　　c. There are millions of flowers in the park.

　　 ⑥.和一名词连用, 表示同位关系

　　　　 a. The city of Shanghai lies at the mouth of the Yangtze River.

　　　　 b. He was at the town of Holborn.

⑦.和某些动词连用, 表示 “使失掉, 摆脱掉”这类意思

　　　　 a. I was robbed of my watch on the way home.

　　　　 b. He could not break himself of the bad habit.

　　　　 c. No medicine can cure him of the disease.

　　 ⑧.词组和固定搭配: be made of由…制成; die of死于; of one’s own will自愿地, 主动地; think much of认为好, 评价高

　　　　 a. Don’t stand so near the train.

　　　　 b. We are a little nearer the end of our journey.

　　　　 c. Come and sit near me.

　　　　 d. His opinion is very near my own.

　　　　 e. Your answer is very near the right one.

　　　　 f. Are you near the end of the book ?

①.表示 “像”

　　　　 a. The sky was like ink over my head.

　　　　 b. Bobby and I are like brothers.

　　　　 c. You are just like what I expected.

　　　　 d. The pen doesn’t look like mine.

　　　　 e. We got on together like old friends.

　　　　 f. She has been working like a horse for so many years.

　 　　　　g. We do not want any winters like the last one.

　　 ②.词组和固定搭配: feel like想要

①.进入, 到里面

　　　　 a. Come into town with me and hear a concert.

　　　　 b. A look of joy came into his eyes.

　　　　 c. He wouldn’t allow her into the house.

　　　　 d. I looked out of the window into the street.

②.(时间)持续到, 进行到

　　　　 a. They discussed their plan all day and far into the night.

　　　　 b. The war lasted into this century.

③.(表示状态的改变)成为

　　　　 a. When it is boiled, water changes into steam.

　　　　 b. Can you translate the letter into English for me ?

④.进入(某种状态)

　　　　 a. All the children burst into laughter.

　　　　 b. She burst into tears when she heard the news.

　　 　　c. I must put the theory into practice.

⑤.分为(若干块, 份等)

　　　　 a. The dish broke into many pieces.

　　　　 b. The cake is divided into three parts.

⑥.look into了解, 调查; run into遇到; 撞上;

①.在…(某时间或空间)里

　　　　 a. The last time we met was in New Zealand.

　　　　 b. They took him to hospital in the car.

　　　　 c. What is in the newspaper today ?

　　　　 　d. Her mother was always in her mind.

　　　　 e. I threw it in the wastepaper basket.

　　　　 f. He was born in 1980 in Genoa.

　　　　 g. An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.

　　　　 h. Rome was not built in a day.

　　 ②.在(一段时间)之后, 与将来时连用

　　　　 a. I will come round in a day or two.

　　　　 b. She is going up to London in three days’ time.

　　 ③.处于某种状态之中

　　　　 a. They are now in a painful situation.

　　　　 b. The tigers are in danger.

　　　　 c. He was obviously in good health.

　　　　 d. The poor girl is in tears.

　　　　 e. The baby is in a beautiful sleep.

　　　　 f. John is in a bad temper.

　　　　 g. Are you in doubt about it ?

　　　　 h. “ How do you come to know it ?” I asked in surprise.

　　　　 i. He waited in anxiety for the report.

　　　　 j. She shut her eyes in fear.

　　　　 k. We went on our way in great happiness.

　　　　 l. We sat in silence, looking to the sea.

　　　　 m. It must be done in a hurry.

　　 n. He sat there, deep in thought.

④.有某种特征, 性质等

　　　　 a. He was in his early twenties.

　　　　 b. This kind of products are in great demand.

　　　　 c. The chairs were in the newest style.

　　　　 d. The letter was all in French.

⑤.表示穿着

　　　　 a. She is in a white coat today.

　　　 　　b. She was dressed in white like a nurse.

　　 ⑥.表示动作正在进行

　　　　 a. The meeting was in progress at that time.

　　　　 b. He was in conversation with the manager when I called.

　　 ⑦.在…方面, 在…上

　　　　 a. He has changed a lot in appearance over the past few years.

　　　　 b. The theory won’t work in practice.

　　　　 c. He was about five feet in height.

　　　　 d. In some things you must trust your elders.

　　　　 e. They are quite reasonable in price.

　　　　 f. They had no difficulty in finding his house.

　　　　 g. He was active in taking part in the activity.

　　 ⑧.用…, 以…

　　　　 a. He told us about his idea in simple English.

　　　　 b. A message was written in pencil on the door.

　　　　 c. He paid me in dollars for the work.

　　　　 d. The room is painted in bright colours.

⑨.在…过程中, 在…时

　　　　 a. In doing we learn.

　　　　 b. He fell into despair in doing so.

⑩.词组和固定搭配: in a sense从某个意义上说; in advance事前, 在前头; in all总共, 总的说来; in any case不管怎样; in case of…要是, 如果, 以防; in detail详细地; in general一般地说; in one’s opinion在…看来; in other words换言之; in person亲自, 本人; in public公开地; in short / in a word总之; in spite of尽管; in the course of在…过程中; in the end最后; in the least一点儿; in the meantime与此同时; in time及时地; in turn轮流;

①.从…, 由…, 来自…, 从…来

　　　　 a. The sound came from the kitchen.

　　　　 b. I heard them calling me from below.

　　　　 c. I saw you that day from across the street.

　　　　 d. He took a knife from under the pillow.

　　　　 e. A car came along from behind me.

　　　　 f. Lunch is from eleven to two.

　　　　 g. Three weeks from today is our holiday.

　　　　 h. He received a great deal of praise from his classmates.

　　　　 i. This has taken a load from my mind.

　　　　 j. Light comes from the sun.

　　　　 k. Someone from the police station wants to see you.

　　 ②.离…(有多远)

　　　　 a. The town is sixty miles from London

　　　　 b. It is only a few steps from here to the post office.

　　 ③.由于, 因…

　　　　 a. We are all weak from hunger now.

　　　　 b. I have got dark rings under my eyes from lack of sleep.

　　 ④.(阻止)使不做某事, (保护)使不受…(之害)

　　　　 a. Stop the boy from destroying the flowers.

　　　　 b. There was nothing to prevent her from going back to London.

　　　　 c. He saved the boy from the fire.

　　　　 d. The shed will protect us from the rain.

　　　　 e. Insurances protect us from great losses.

　　 ⑤.和…(不同), 和…(有区别)

　　　　 a. He is quite different from his brother in character.

　　　　 b. Can you tell one twin from the other ?

⑥.从…(判断), 根据…

　　　　 a. From his appearance, you wouldn’t think he was old.

　　　　 b. From what John told me, they’re very rich.

⑦.词组和固定搭配: from bad to worse越来越糟, 每况愈下; from beginning to end从头至尾; from head to foot从头到脚, 全身; from morning till night从早到晚; from now on从现在起; from then on从那时起; from the bottom of one’s heart打心眼里, 衷心地; from time to time不时地; from top to bottom整个地, 彻底地

①.为了

　　　　 a. He would do anything for her.

　　　　 b. He great writer wrote for his own people.

　　　　 c. Robert is there to get material for a new book.

　　　　 d. He had an operation for a heart disease.

　　　　 e. The money is for buying food for the party.

　　　　 f. They went for a holiday by the Black Sea.

　　　　 g. He asked his father for a computer on his birthday.

②.因为, 由于

　　　　 a. France is famous for its wines.

　　　　 b. I am ashamed of myself for not having written a letter to you.

　　　　 c. I am so sorry for what I said to you the other day.

　　　　 d. When he saw the exam results he wept for joy.

　　 ③.对于

　　　　 a. You are too old for the kind of work you are doing.

　　　　 b. He had much respect for Mr. Smith.

　　 ④.供…用的, 给…的

　　　　 a. Do you have a seat for me ?

　　　　 b. There is no more room for such a bag at the back of the car.

　　　　 c. Here is your letter for you.

⑤.就…来说, 作为…来说

　　　　 a. It is quite warm tonight for February.

　　 　　　b. The weather was very cold for the time of the year.

　　　　 c. For so young a man he has experienced so much.

⑥.表示买卖或交换关系

　　　　 a. Nobody is willing to work for nothing.

　　　　 b. I sold the house for 100 dollars.

　　　　 c. I paid more than 600,000 yuan for the house.

　　　　 d. Can you give me change for a pound ?

⑦.作为(意思接近as)

　　　　 a. Most of the rooms of this building are used for offices.

　　　　 b. Do you take me for a fool ?

　　　　 c. I had meat for supper.

⑧.前往(某目的地)

　　　　 a. I will leave for Shanghai tomorrow.

　　　　 b. He is to start for San Fancisco in couple of days.

　　 ⑨.表示时间长度或距离

　　　　 a. For five years Smith had lived alone at Danvers Street.

　　　　 b. For miles and mile you see nothing but trees.

　　　　 c. Her temperature has been normal for the last five weeks.

　　 ⑩.赞成, 主张, 支持

　　　　 a. Most people in the town are for the plan of the government.

①.(表示比例关系)每…

　　　　 a. For every sunny day there are four sunny ones.

　　 b. For fourteen students who passed the exam there was only one who didn’t.

②.引导不定式动词的逻辑主语

　　　　 a. It would be best for you to write to him soon.

　　 b. For such an old man to run fast is dangerous.

　　 c. The best thing will be for me to go home and settle everything now.

　　 d. What I want is for you to talk with me for a while.

　　 e. I’ve got some good books for your to read.

　　 f. There was nowhere else for me to go.

　　 g. He opened the door and stood beside for her to pass.

③.词组或固定搭配: for certain / sure肯定地, 确切地, 有把握地; for fear of唯恐, 担心; for oneself为自己, 替自己; for sale供出售; for short简称; for the purpose of为…的目的; for the moment一时间, 暂时; for the present就现在来说, 暂时; for the time being暂时; take…for…认为…是…; 把…当作…

　　　　 a. Everybody is against the plan except you.

　　　　 b. We go there every day except Sunday.

　　　　 c. He seldom went anywhere except to his office.

　　　　 d. I looked everywhere except in the bedroom.

　　　　 e. I can take my holidays at any time except in August.

　　　　 f. It had no effect except to make him angry.

　　　　 g. He will do anything except ( to ) lend you money.

　　　　 h. This suit fits me well except that the trousers are too long.

　　　　 i. He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.

　　　　 j. He never came to see me except when he was in trouble.

　　　　 a. He swims every day during the summer.

　　　　 b. I have seldom seen her during this year.

　　　　 c. Only two trains left during the morning.

　　 d. Not a word did they say during the meal.

　　 e. He kept silent all the time during the discussion.