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5. tear sth to/into pieces     sth in half/into halves     sth open     sth down     at sth:撕扯着…(表过程)     sth:撕碎/撕破(表结果)     up:毁掉     off:脱去、跑掉     away from…:从…夺走

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4. beyond control:无法控制 in control:控制着 under control:控制中 out of control=lose control of:失控

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3. prove sth prove sth to sb prove sth to be prove ... as (to be)that-clause

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2. dress:既表动作,也表状态+ dress sb    be dressed in    have on:表状态,不用于进行时    wear:表状态+(衣服、鞋帽、领带、围巾、首饰、眼镜)表示某一时间的穿戴,常用进行时    put on:表动作

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1. recognize sb as:认出某人是… be recognized as:某人被认作… recognize sb to do sth:承认某人做某事 recognize that-clause recognition (n.)

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1. ----What about____ passage? ----It’s too difficult____ passage for me. A. a, a B. a, the  C. the, a  D. the, the 2. ----How is your grandmother? ----She____ for many years. A. died B. has died  C. has been died D. has been dead 3. ----Why is the boy crying there? ----Because____ his father. A. being scolded by  B. scolding C. of scolding   D. of being scolded by 4. ----What do you think make Jenny unhappy and worried? ----____ her new PC. A. Because she lost  B. Lost C. As a result of losing  D. Losing 5. ----Could I borrow your motor bike? ----Yes, of course, you____. A. might B. could  C. can  D. should 6. ----Can I help you, sir? ----Yes. I bought this radio her yesterday, but it____. A. didn’t B. won’t work C. can’t work D. doesn’t work 7. I like____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that  C. it   D. one 8. ----You haven’t been to Beijing, have you? ----____. How I wish to go there! A. Yes, I have   B. Yes, I haven’t C. No, I have   D. No, I haven’t 9. ----Your phone number again? I____ quite catch it. ----It’s 9568442. A. didn’t B. couldn’t  C. don’t  D. can’t 10. ----Will $200____?   ----I’m afraid not. We need at least 50 more dollars. A. count B. satisfy  C. fit   D. do 11. He came home after midnight, and____, he got drunk. A. worse still   B. that means C. what’s the matter  D. what else 12. You can, ____, come to join us in the singing programme. A. if you happy   B. when you possible C. if you please   D. when you necessary 13. Mr Smith, ____ of the____ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired, boring   B. tiring, bored C. was tired, bored  D. was tiring, boring 14. I have a lot of books, half of____ novels. A. which B. that  C. whom  D. them

1-5 CDDDC 6-10 DCDAD 11-14 ACAD

(8)

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2. 题干中的有效信息不再让人一眼看穿,而是隐藏在字里行间,近几年在这一类考题中,很少在情景中出现明显的时间信息,如时间状语等。

3. 解决时态和语态问题时,可遵循如下解题思路: (1)这个动作可能发生在什么时间?题干中可参照的信息有哪些。 (2)动作与主语的关系,是被动还是主动。

4. 四组容易混淆的时态: (1)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:现在完成时强调动作结果对现在的影响,属于现在时的范畴;一般过去时强调动作所发生的时间是在过去,属于过去时的范畴。因此,一般过去时需跟表示过境的时间连用或有表过去时间的上下文,而现在完成时不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。 (2)过去完成时与一般过去时的区别:过去完成时表示以过去某时间为起点以前所发生的动作或存在的状态,即过去完成时强调动作发生在“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只表示以现在时间为起点以前所发生的动作或存在的状态。 (3)过去完成时与现在完成时的用法区别:两种时态都常与一段时间和状语连用,但现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或同现在有关的动作(句中不可有表示过去特定时间的状语),而过去完成时表示的是在过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的动作(句中有表示过去特定时间的状语)。 (4)将来完成时由“shall/will+have done”构成,表示动作或状态延续到将来某一时刻,常用延续性动词,并带有一个表示将来某一时间的状语或状语从句,如:by the end of this month, by then, this time next week, by the time等;将来完成进行时由“shall/will+have been doing”构成,表示某个动作在将来的某个时间以前已经开始,并一直持续进行着。

5. 关于被动语态的几种特殊用法: (1)主动形式表被动:表示感觉或变化的feel, look, smell, sound, taste, turn, prove, get等系动词的主动形式表被动意义;动词let, blame的不定式作表语或定语时,主动形式表被动意义。 (2)由“get+过去分词”构成的被动语态:这种形式的被动语态主要用于:①给自己做事(get dressed穿衣);②设法做到自己称心的事(get elected当选);③由于客观原因遇到不尽如人意的事(get burned烧焦);④表示命令(get washed!去洗洗吧)。 (3)在表示“(某物)需要”的need, want, require等后的动名词用主动形式表被动。 (4)“据说类”的3个被动句型:如果我们要想把话说的谨慎些,可以用下列被动结构:①It is said that…;②There is said to be…;③sb/sth is said to…。能用于这类句型的动词还有believe, think, consider, suppose, hope, suggest, report, know, understand等。

6. 某些固定句式中的动词时态是固定的、约定俗成的: (1)This/It is the first/second…time+that-clause: that从句一般用现在完成时,如果把前边的is改为was, 则that从句用过去完成时。 (2)It is/has been+一段时间+since从句:since从句中一般用过去时,如果将前边的is改为was,则since从句中用过去完成时。 (3)be about to do…when…: 意为“即将…(这时)突然…”。 (4)be(was/were)+doing…when…: 意为“正在干…(这时)突然…”。 (5)Hardly/Scarcely had…done…when…; No sooner had…done…than…, when和than从句里用一般过去时,表示“刚刚…就…”。 (6)It+be+一段时间+before从句:如果主句用将来时,则从句用一般现在时表将来时,意为多长时间以后即将发生某事;如果主句用过去时,从句也用过去时,意为多长时间后发生了某事。

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12. 现在进行时有时代替一般现在时,表示经常性或重复性的动作,句中常见的副词有:forever, always, repeatedly, constantly, 也用every/each day/year; 这时往往表达一种感情色彩,如:不满,厌烦,赞扬等。 She is always helping others. The problem is that 300 people are dying each day from illnesses caused by smoking.

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11. develop healthy habits:养成健康的习惯    develop an interest in sth:培养…的兴趣    develop…into…:把…发展成为…    develop from…:从…进化/发展起来    develop natural resources:开发自然资源    develop films:冲洗胶卷

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10. such as:用于列举事物,且只列举部分    for example/instance:用来举例说明,不表列举或等同    namely=that is (to say):即(列举全部)

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