(三)作强调词,构成强调结构
用以帮助改变句子结构,使句子的某一成分受到强调。“It is (was) + 所强调的成分 + that (who) + 其它成分。”在这个句型中,it本身没有词义。详见“一、强调句”。
(二)作无人称代词
it作无人称代词时,除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外,另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况等。
It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.).
It is noon.
It is a half hour’s walk to the factory.
It is eighteen square metres in area.
What does it matter?
5、it与that的区别:两词都可代替某一特定名词,但that指同一类,并非同一个。
e.g. The climate of South China is mild(温和的); I like it very much.(it指the climate of South China)
The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.(that指the climate)
4、it与one的区别:这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词,但it用于同名同物的场合;one则用于同名异物的场合。
e.g. ---- Do you still have the bicycle? ---- No, I have sold it.
---- Is this knife yours? ---- No. It is Xiao Zhang’s. Mine is the one on the desk.
3、在某些习惯说法中,可以代替人。
e.g. ---- Someone is knocking at the door, Peter. ---- Who is it? ---- It’s me.
---- Who are singing? ---- It is the children.
---- The light is still on in the lab. It must be the third-year students doing the experiment.
2、代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西(包括婴儿)。
e.g. Yesterday we saw a big tree. It was fully twenty metres high. (it代替前面的tree)
The baby cried because it was hungry. (it代替前面的baby)
(一)作人称代词
1、it代替前面(或后面)的单数名词或分句等所表示的事物。
e.g. You cannot eat your cake but have it.(it代替前面的cake)
Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. (it代替后面的air)
They say he has left town, but I don’t believe it. (it代替前面They…town分句中的情况)
2、注意:此种强调只用do/ does和did ,没有别的形式;过去时用did ,后面的谓语动词用原形。
1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语,如果需要强调谓语时,用助动词do/ does或did。
e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时,务必(千万)要小心啊!
2、注意:此句型只用until,不用till。但如果不是强调句型,till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了,that后面的从句要用肯定句,切勿再用否定句了。
(三)谓语动词的强调
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