4.应注意状语从句、定语从句中的省略。
状语从句中,如果谓语含动词be,主语又与主句主语一致或主语是it,从句中主语和be一齐省略。
3.为避免重复,作某些动词(hope,want)等宾语或(tell,order,ask)的宾补时,省略不定式短语,只保留不定式符号to。
2.在prefer to do rather than…,cannot help but…do, nothing …but等句型中常省略to。
1.感官动词或使役动词(如:notice,hear,let,make)等后接不定式作宾补时省略to,被动时to不能省略。
4.The research is so designed that once________ nothing can be done to change it.
(NMET 2002)
A.begins B.having begun
C.beginning D.begun
命题意图:此题考查省略在状语从句中的应用。此题属四星级题。
知识依托:当主句的主语和状语从句主句一致(或从句主语为it),且从句中含be,可把从句的主语和be一起省略,例:
I wonder why he didn’t do as(he was) told to.
错解分析:A、B、C项都为主动,而research应是由人启动的,应用被动。
解题方法与技巧:此类词,应分清主、被动关系。
答案:D
●锦囊妙计
掌握好省略句,应注意以下几条:
3.-You ought to have given them some advice.
-________,but who cared what I asked?
A.So it was B.So I ought to have
C.So I did D.So I ought to
命题意图:考查ought to后作宾语的不定式的省略。此题属五星级题。
知识依托:ought to, want, hope等动词后可省略作宾语的不定式短语,但该宾语若是be动词或动词的完成时,则需在to后加be或have。
-Are you a soldier?
-No,but,wish to be(a soldier).
答案:B
2.________ for the free ticket,I would not have gone to the films so often.
A.If it is not B.Were it not
C.Had it not been D.If there were to
命题意图:旨在考查虚拟条件中if的省略。此题属五星级题。
知识依托:跟过去事实相反的虚拟条件句结构为If+主语+had+过去分词,主语+would/could/might do…当if省略时,将had提主句首,即
Had+主语+过去分词,主语+would/could/might do…
错解分析:A项不是虚拟语气结构。
B项是跟现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。
D项是跟将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
解题方法与技巧:从题干的后一句话入手,可看出I would not have gone to…是跟过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,故答案为C。译为:要不是因为票是免费的,我也就不会经常去看电影了。
答案:C
1.-Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
-________.
A.I don’t believe B.I don’t believe it
C.I believe not so D.I believe not
命题意图:此题考查not在宾语从句中的“替代性”省略。此题属四星级题。
知识依托:“so”可代替某些动词后的宾语从句,但绝不能用it或that。这些常用的动词有:believe,be afraid,expect,hope,imagine,suppose等。例:
-Is she going to the party tonight?
-I think so./I hope so.
其否定有两种:①动词用否定结构。
②用not代替so。
又如:-Do you think he will pass the exam?
-I don’t think so./I think not.前者更常用。
错解分析:A项应为I don’t believe so。
C项否定也应否定谓语。
解题方法与技巧:根据具体语言环境,正确运用表达观点的方法。
答案:D
6.(★★★★)-You should have thanked her before she left.
-I meant________,but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.
(2002年上海春季)
A.to do B.to
C.doing D.doing so
●案例探究
5.(★★★★)Boris has brains.In fact,I doubt whether anyone in the class has________IQ. (NMET 2002)
A.a high B.a higher
C.the higher D.the highest
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