56．It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______.

　　 A．still judge a man by his clothes

　　 B．hold the uniform in such high regard

　　 C．enjoy having a professional identity

　　 D．will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform

67. Which of the following can be considered as a source of “pleasure” for women?

　　　 A. Family life　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. Multiple roles in society

　　　 C. Regular employment　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. Freedom from anxiety

答案　 64.D　 65.B　 66.D　 67.A

Passage 17

(北京市北大附中2007年5月高三最后适应测试A篇)

Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general．Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?

Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian(百姓的)clothes．People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform．The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes．Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform．What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity(身份)than to step out of uniform?

　Uniforms also have many practical benefits．They save on other clothes．They save on laundry bills．They are tax-deductible(可减税的)．They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.

　Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them．Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement．When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.

　Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems．Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes．Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.

66. One can conclude from the passage that if a woman takes on several social roles,________.

　　　 A. it will be easier for her to overcome stress and strain

　　　 B. she will be more successful in her career

C. her chances of getting promoted will be greater

　　　 D. her life will be richer and more meaningful

65. The author’s attitude towards women having a career is________.

　　　 A. negative　　　　　　 B. positive　　　　　　　　　　 C. neutral(中立的)　　 D. realistic

64. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ________.

　　　 A. for women, a sense of “mastery” is more important than a sense of “pleasure”

　　　 B. for women, a sense of “pleasure” is more important than a sense of “mastery”

　　　 C. women can’t have a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” at the same time

　　　 D. a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” are both necessary to women

63. In the writer’s opinion, one should ______.

　　　 A. focus on oneself when emailing　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. talk more freely in emails than usual

　　　 C. discuss any subject that one wants to　　　　　　　　　　 D. consider how one uses email at work

答案　 63.A　 64.B　 65.C　 66.D

Passage 16

(2006－2007学年度南通市九校(学科基地)联考C篇)

In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery” -feeling important and

worthwhile-and the sources of what we call a sense of “pleasure”-finding life enjoyable-are not always the same. Women often are told “You can’t have it all.” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “You choose a career, so you can’t expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and children-what’s all this about wanting a career?” But women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves.

Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two aspects. One is mastery, which includes self-respect, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the “doing” side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other aspect, and it is　 made up of happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side of life. The two are independent of each other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa(反之亦然). For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time.

The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and correct past mistakes. In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are important. And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women were valued significantly higher in mastery than women who were not employed.

A woman’s well-being is developed when she takes on multiple(多项的)roles. At least by middle adulthood, the women who were involved in a combination of roles-marriages, motherhood, and employment-were the highest in well-being, in spite of warnings about stress and strain.

62. What does the underlined sentence refer to?

　　　 A. The telegraph.　　　　　 B. The computer.　　　　　 C. Emailing.　　　　　 D. Face-to-face talk.

61. The reason that some couples talked freely about themselves is that _______.

　　　 A. they didn’t talk about very personal things　　　 　B. they couldn’t see each other

　　 C. the cameras on the computers were turned on　 　D. they had to discuss a question

60. The subject discussed in this passage is _______.

　　　 A. how people open up when emailing　　　　　　　 B. how people do research studies

　　　 C. how to communicate at work　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. how to discuss and solve a problem

75．Which of the following may the study lead to according to the researchers?

　　　 A．Parents may want to limit what their babies see on television.

　　　 B．Actors may try to behave themselves well in front of babies.

　　　 C．Babies may be allowed to choose what they see on TV.

　　　 D．Scientists may stop ignoring babies’ emotional world.

答案　 72.C　 73.D　 74.D　 75.A

Passage 15

(2006－2007学年度南通市九校(学科基地)联考B篇)

People tend to become more personal and hide less of themselves when using email. Researchers from Open University in Britain have found in a recent study that there are good reasons for this.

　　　 The team of researchers asked 83 pairs of students, all strangers to each other, to solve a problem. They had to discuss this question: If only five people in the world could be saved from a world disaster, who should they be? The pairs of students had to talk over the problem either face to face or by computers. Dr. Johnson said, “They told their partners four times as much about themselves when they talked over the Internet as when they talked face to face. When the computers were fitted with cameras so that students could see each other, this limited the personal side of the conversation.”

　　　 Generally the information was not extremely personal. It was mainly about things such as where they went to school, or where they used to live. But some students discussed their love stories, and personal childhood experiences.

　　　 Dr Johnson believes that emailing encourages people to focus on themselves. And when they do this, they become more open, especially if there are no cameras. “If you cannot see the other person, it becomes easier to talk about yourself. This is because you are not thinking what the other person is thinking of you. So emailing has become the modern way of talking,” said Dr. Johnson. However, this style of talking is not entirely new. “In the 19th century people started to use the ‘telegraph’ to communicate. Now the same kind of thing has happened and people ended up speaking more freely.”

　　　 Dr. Johnson thinks that emailers need to know about these effects of emailing, especially when they start work in a company. “ If you don’t know about it, you could find yourself saying more about yourself than you wanted to.”