2. to carry to another place 拿走;带走; 带去

3.a position which one considers to be of value or importance 重要的位置： take ones place 入座；站好位置；就职；代替 take place发生；出现(无被动语态形式) take the place of ... 代替(职务、工作)；取代 in place of 代替； 取代 in the place of 在......地方 in place在适当的位置；在原来的位置；保持原状 a place of interest名胜 vt. 1. to put or arrange in a certain position放置；排列 2.to pass to a person , firm, etc., who can do the needed action发出(订单)；订(货)：place an order for sth. with sb. (see ---order) [辨析]①happen, take place: happen 往往表示偶然性的没预料到的事情的“发生”；take place表示必然性的“发生” 或指是布置或策划好某事而后“举行”的。)②put, lay, place, set: 均有“放置”之意。put为最普通用词，强调放置的动作，可用于任何场合； lay 兼有put和 place的含义，表示平放或横放； place是比 put较为正式的用词， 表示将某物放置在一定的位置； set 表示按一定的计划、要求或某一目的将某物放置在一定的地点， 比place的意义更严格。

plain [plein]n. a large stretch of flat land平原；旷野 adj.1. clear; easy to see, hear, or understand明白的；清楚的；易了解的 2.simple, ordinary, without ornament or pattern简单的；平凡的； 朴素的

2.admit 承认 pron.自己的东西

of ones own 属于某人自己的

on ones own 独立地; 独自地; 亲自地

owner n. [C] a person who owns something esp. one who possesses something by

lawful right所有人; 主人

ownership n. [U] possession, esp. by lawful right.所有制; 所有关系

ox (pl. oxen) n. [C] a male cow which has been made unable to breed, used for

pulling vehicles and for heavy work on farms 公牛

ant. cow 奶牛

P pack [pAk]v.to put (things, esp. one's belongings) into ( cases, boxes, etc.for travelling or storing捆; 扎; 打包; 包装; 打行李 n.a number of things wrapped or tied together , or put in a case, esp. for carrying on the back by a person or animal 包; 捆; 束; 行李; a pack of 一群(包、副、盒、伙、派，......); packs of 大量的; 一大堆的

packet [5pAkIt]n.a small package; a number of small things tied or put together into a small box, case, or bag小包; 小捆; 小盒; 小袋; a packet of 一包(盒、捆, ......)

page [peidV]n. one side of a sheet of paper in a book , newspaper, etc., usu. numered页; 页码: turn to page...翻到......页; Open the book at page... 请把书翻到......页; turn the page over 翻过一页

pain [pein]n. 1. [U]suffering; great discomfort of the body or mind 疼; 疼痛: have a pain in ones head(= have a headache) 头痛; have pains all over浑身疼痛; cry with pain痛得哭起来 2. [C] a feeling of suffering or discomfort in a particular part of the body; a feeling of annoyance or displeasure[常用复数形式] 劳苦; 苦心; (内心的)痛苦; No pains, no gains 不劳则无获; spare no pains不辞劳苦; be at the pain of learning 刻苦学习 [同]ache [反]pleasure [辨析]pain 指肉体的、精神的痛苦； ache指连续的、局部的隐隐作痛 painful [5peinfUl]adj. 1.causing pain痛的; 痛苦的 2. hard or difficult 费力的; 艰苦的 painfully adv. [反] painless

paint [peint]v.1.to put paint on (a surface)粉刷; 油漆; 2.to make a picture or pictures of somebody or something using paint(用颜料等)绘画;

paint from nature 写生; paint in oils/water colours画油画/画水彩画; paint the house粉刷/油漆屋子; paint sth. red/ green 把某物染成红色/绿色 n. liquid colouring matter which can be put or spread on a surface to make it a certain colour油漆; 涂料; (常复数：paints)颜料: Fresh/ Wet paint!油漆未干! a peace of paint一幅绘画作品; painter [5peint[]n.a person who paints pictures; artist 绘画者;(油)画家 paintbrush n.画笔; 画刷 painting [5peintIN]n. 油画; 水彩画 [同]drawing; picture [辨析] painting, drawing, picture, portrait: painting泛指油画、 水彩画等带有色彩的绘画作品。 drawing泛指黑白类的绘画作品或线条画；指素描作品。 picture泛指各类绘画作品、图片，亦可表示电影作品。 portrait 指人物的肖像， 或人物肖像的语言描写。

pair [pZ[]n. [C] something made up of two parts that are alike and which are joined and used together一双； 一对； 一副； 一条； 一把; a pair of匼plain(后接 “物”时， 谓语动词用单数；后接 “人”时， 谓语动词则用复数。)一双， 一对： a new pair of shoes(= a pair of new shoes) 一双新鞋子； in pairs 成双地 [辨析] pair, couple: 两者都含有 “双”、“对”之意； pair可以用于人或物， 指物时， 常指其中之一受损， 另一个则不能使用的物品； couple指被视为一体的， 同类的两个人或物： a couple of (= a few, several) (Am.E.) 几个

palace [5pAlIs]n. a large grand house where a ruling king or queen officially lives/ a large , often showy building for public amusement, dancing, eating, etc.宫； 宫殿：the Childrens Palace少年宫； the Summer Palace颐和园 [近] temple(以供奉神祗为主的)宫殿；寺院

pale [peil]adj. having less than the usual amount of colour; rather white(脸色)苍白的； 灰白的；(颜色)暗淡的：look / turn/ go pale 看起来苍白/变苍白；in pale苍白的；pale blue 浅蓝色 [反]dark

pan [pAn]n. any of various kinds of container usu. with one long handle, used esp. in cooking.aaathey are often wide, not very deep, made of metal, and often without a cover平锅； 盘子 pancake n. 薄煎饼

paper [5peip[]n. [U] material made in the form of sheets from very thin threads of wood or cloth, used for writing or printing on, coverying parcels or walls, etc.纸 ：a piece of paper (= a sheet of paper) 一张纸； a fine paper 一种优质纸 [C]a set of printed questions used as an examination in a particular subject试卷、a piece of writing书面作业、论文、newspaper报纸.

paragraph[5pAr[grB:f] n. [C] (pl. paragraphs) a division of a written or printed piece made up of 1 or more sentences, of which the first word is set a little inwards to the right of a new line(文章)段；节

pardon [5pB:dn]vt. (+for) to forgive; excuse 原谅； 宽恕: pardon sb. for (doing) sth.原谅某人做某事 n. (+for)forgiveness 原谅； 宽恕：I beg your pardon(= Beg your pardon =Pardon)？ 常用于：①作错了事表示道歉(用降调)(相当于Im sorry.)；②谈话中提出导议(用升调)(相当于Im afraid I disagree with what you have just said./ Im afraid I think that what you have just said is not true/proper.)；③没听清对方的话，要求重复一遍(用升调)(相当于I did not hear/ understand what you said and would you like to repeat it / say it again?)[辨析]pardon, excuse：excuse指原谅某人的小过失或疏忽。常用来客气地打断某人的话， 或引起某人的注意：Excuse me(用升调)；pardon指饶恕严重的过失，尤其指法律或道德上的过失；也可以表示原谅礼节上的疏忽(此词比较正式)。

parent [5pZ[r[nt]n. (often pl.常用复数) the father or mother of a person; the father and mother of a person 父亲或母亲；父母亲

Paris [5pArIs]n. the capital of France 巴黎

park [pB:k]n. a large public garden in a town or city used by the public for pleasure and rest 公园 v. to put or place (a car or other vehicle) for a time; to leave something in a place for a certain time停车；放置： No parking here 此处禁止停车！ car park (Br.E.)/ parking lot(Am. E.) 停车场

part [pB:t]n. 1. any of the pieces that make up a whole 部分; 部件: part of...部分......(作主语时, 谓语动词的数取决于of后的名词或代词的数); a part of ...一大部分......; parts of...有些部分......; part of speech 词类; for ones part 就某人而言; 至于某人; 对某人来说; for the most part(= mostly; most of the time; in most cases)主要地; 大部分时间地; 大部分情况; in part一部分; 部分地 2.a character acted by an actor in a play角色：have /take a part of 扮演角色 play a part in (= have an influence on/ have an effect on)对......有影响/在......中起作用 3.a share or duty in some activity分担责任；参加：take part in 参加(某项活动)v. to (cause to) separate 分手; 分别; 分开; 分裂: part from sb. 与某人分手; part with sth. 舍弃某物 partly [5pB:tlI]adv. 1. not completely 部分地; 不完全地 2. In some degree有几分地

particular [p[5tIkjUl[]adj. 1.worthy of notice; special; unusual值得注意的; 特别的; 不寻常的 2.single and different from others; of a certain sort独特的; 某一种的 3.showing (too) much care or interest in small matter考究的; 讲究的 4. hard to please难以取悦的; 挑剔的 5.careful and exact详尽的 in particular(=especially)特别地; 尤其 particularly adv. especially; in a way that is special and different from others特别; 尤其; 与众不同地 [反]generally 一般地

party [5pB:tI]n. 1.an association of people having the same political aims, esp. as formed to try to win elections(通常要大写)政党; 党派: a political party政党; the Communist Party of China中国共产党; the Party共产党; Party member党员 2.a gathering of people usu. by invitation for food and amusement (宴饮性的, 娱乐性的) 聚会: have an English party举行英语晚会; give / hold a party 举行晚会/宴会; a dinner party宴会; a tea party茶话会; a garden party游园会; a birthday party 生日聚会; an evening party晚会 3.a group of people doing something together团体; 一群人

pass [pB:s]v. 1.to go forward; advance向前行; 前进 2.to reach and move beyond ( a person or place); (of a car or motorist) to reach and move beyond (another car); overtake 走过; 超过; 赶上 3. to get or go through, across, over, or between通过; 穿过 4.to move, place, or be placed (in or for a short space of time)(短时间内)移过; 掠过 5.to give (esp. by hand)传送 6.to kick, throw, hit, etc. (esp. a ball) to a member of ones own side传; 送; 打击 7.(of time) to go by; to cause time to go by(指时间)流逝; 消磨(时间) 8.to succeed in (an examination)(考试)通过; 合格 [反]fail 9. to give an official acceptance通过; 批准: pass (...) on (to...)传给 pass by从旁经过; 路过; 略过; 忽略 pass sb. sth.(= pass sth. to sb.)递给某人某物 pass away(= die)[委婉语]去世; 逝世 pass through (从空间内)径直经过; 穿过 n.出入证; 山口; 关口; 要隘; (河流)渡口 [辨析] pass, cross: pass 表示从某地, 某物或某人的旁边 经过, 也可以表示从某物内部, 或人与人, 物与物之间 穿过, 还可以表示时间或空间的 经过; cross表示从表面 “横过、越过、穿过”， 强调从一边到另一边；注意与across (介词， 副词)的区别。

passage [5pAsIdV]n. 1.a usual narrow way through; opening通道；走廊 2.a usual short part of a speech or a piece of writing or music, considered by itself (演讲或文章的)一段；一节 passenger [5pAssIndVe]n. a person going from one place to another in a public or private vehicle乘客； 旅客

passerby[9pB:s[5bai] (pl. passersby) n. a person who happens (by chance) to pass by a place 过客； 过路人

past [pB:st]adj.1. (of time) much earlier than the present (指时间)早就过去的 2. (with the perfect tenses) (of time) a little earlier than the present; up until now or until the time of speaking(与完成时连用)(指时间)刚过去的: in (for, during , over )the past / last few days (weeks, years, etc.)在过去的几天(星期、年等)里 3.finished ; ended结束的 4.former以前的 prep. 1.after; beyond in time在......之后; ( 性上)越过： half past(= after美) seven 七点半 2.farther than; up to and beyond 比......远; 越 过 n.① (the +) time before the present过去: in the past在过去 ②(the +) what happened in time (long) before the present往事 ③(of a country) history; (of a person) life, actions, etc., before the present time,(指国家的)历史; (指个人的)过去的生活, 行为 adv. by; to and beyond a point in time or space过; 越过(时间或空间)： walk past 走过去 go past(= go by, pass) 流逝 [辨析] 1.past, passed: past 用作形容词、介词、副词、名词，用作表语或状语时说明动作发生时的状态；passed是动词pass的过去式和过去分词，说明某一行为或状态的完成， 并对以后产生影响； 2.at present, in the past, in the future：at present在目前； in the past在过去； in the future在将来 3. across, through, over, past: across 表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的；through表示动作是在某一空间进行的； over指从上方跨越而过； past指从某物体旁边经过

path [pB:W]n.1.(=pathway) (+ to)a track or way made by people walking over the ground径； 小路 2.footpath人行道 3. (+ through) an open space made to allow forward movement通道 4.a line along which something moves路线 5.(the +)( of action, thought, living, etc.) a way途径； 方式 [辨析]path, road, street, way: 都有 “道路”的意思， 有时可以通用。path指未经开凿，通过践踏而自然形成的小路；road常指城市与城市之间的大路或乡村大道，在城市内部 road常与 street通用； street指城市或村镇中两旁有房屋的路， 注意：英国英语习惯说：in the road/street; 美国英语习惯说：on the road/street； way一般指去某地的走法， 又可以泛指在途中。

patient [5peiF[nt]n. 1.a person receiving medical treatment from a doctor and / or in a hospital (住院)病人 2.a person who goes to a particular doctor when he needs medical treatment患者； 病人 adj. having or showing patience 忍耐的； 有耐心的： be patient with sb.对某人有耐心 [反]impatient

patience [5peiF[ns]n. 容忍； 耐心

pattern [5pAt[n]n. 1.ornamental design图案，花样， 样式 2.the way in which something happens or develops方式 3.sample样品， 样本 4.a person or thing that is an excellent example to copy模范，典型 pause [pC:z]n. a short but noticeable break (in activity, or speech)停顿， 中止， 暂停 : give somebody pause (= to cause somebody to stop and consider carefully what he is doing)使(某人)停下来三思 v. to make a pause; stop for a short time中止， 暂停 pay [pei]vt. (paid, paid) 1.to give money for goods bought, work done , etc.付(款)：pay (...) for sth.付......的钱; 买; 赔偿 2.to settle ( a bill, debt, etc.) 付清: pay off 还清债务; pay back偿还(借款等) 3.to bring or give one money or something of value in return报酬; pay sb. for sth 为......给某人报酬 4.to make or say 做; 致; 说: pay a visit to sb./some place (= visit sb./some place; call on sb./at some place) 访问; 拜访; 参观 pay a call 5.to give willingly给; pay attention to注意, 留心 n. money received from work工资 [辨析] 1. pay, spend, cost, take: pay 的主语必须是人: (sb) pay money for sth. / pay sb.for sth.; spend的主语必须是人: (sb.) spend money/...for/on sth./ in doing sth. 在......方面花钱或精力; cost 的主语必须是物或事: (sth.) cost sb. money/life/health/time...; take表示做某事花费多少时间, 其主语一般是 一件事 ; 有时也可以是人: It takes/ took sb. some time to do sth. 强调完成动作所花费的时间。 2.pay, wage, salary, income: wage 一般指工人或服务人员等体力劳动者的 工资, 工钱, 通常按时计数, 分周发给, 通常用复数, 不能被 many 或few修饰, 只能被 high, low等词修饰; salary一般指机关单位官员、职员和管理人员的确良“薪水”， 一般按年计算， 分月或半月发给; pay可译为“工资”、“薪饷”， 既可指， 也可以指， 但更多地是指军队的薪饷或津贴； income意为“收入”、“收益”， 通常指一个人收入所得的钱， 不仅限于工资， 也可以指一个国家的收入。 peace [pI:s]n.1.a condition in which there is no war between 2 or more nations和平； 太平 2． a period in which there is no war和平时期 3.(the +) a state of freedom from disorder within a country, with the citizens living according to the law安宁； 治世：

keep the peace维持治安； 保持宁静 4.a state of agreement or friendliness among people living or working together和解；和睦: be at peace with sb. 和某人和睦相处 5.calmness; quietness镇定；安静：in peace安静地；平平安安地；和睦地 6.freedom from anxiety or troubling thoughts平静； 安心：be at peace (= to be dead)(委婉语)去世 hold ones peace (= to remain silent although one has something to say)保持缄默 make (ones) peace with sb.(= to settle a quarrel with sb.)与某人解决纷争； 讲和 peaceful [5pI:sfUl]adj. 1.quiet; untroubled和平的；安宁的；安静的 2.loving peace爱好和平的 adv. peacefully

pear [pZ[]n. a sweet juicy fruit, narrow at the stem end and wide at the other 梨

peasant [5pez[nt]n. a person who works on the land, esp. one who owns and lives on a small piece of land农民 [辨析]peasant, farmer: farmer 在英、美等国家指拥有或经营农场的人， 通常译为“农夫”或“农场主”；peasant多用于发展中国家， 原指有一小块土地，并来自己耕种的“小自耕农”。

pen [pen]n. an instrument with a pointed piece of split metal fixed into a holder of wood or other material for writing with ink; fountain-pen 钢笔

penny [5penI]n. (pl. pennies/pence) a small copper and tin coin, 100 of which make a pound(复数为pennies美/pence英)便士

people [5pI:pl]n. 1.persons in general; persons other than oneself人 2.all the persons forming a State 人民 3.the persons in a society who do not have special rank or position平民 4.a race, nation 各族；民族 [注意] (1)people泛指“人们”， 前面通常不加冠词， 是集体名词， 作主语时谓语动词用复数； (2)the people意思是“人民”，单数形式表示复数概念，作主语时谓语动词用复数； (3)people作“民族”、“种族”解，通常用不定冠词或 复数 (4)a person or two只指“一两个民族”， 不是指“一 两全人”。

percent [p[5sent]n. (= per cent) one part in or for each 100 百分之一： .... percent of +n 作主语时谓语动词的数依后接名词的数而定 n. percentage百分率 perfect [5p[:fIkt]plete with everything needed完全的； 完备的 2. without fault; excellent无瑕的；极佳的 3.exact; accurate正确的； 准确的plete; unqualified(只作定语)全然的，绝对; Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 the perfect tenses[语法]完成时 adv. perfectly quite; quite well; completely 十分地； 美好地；完全的；全然地 perform [p[5fC:m]v. 1.to do; carry out (a piece of work)实行； 做 2.to fulfil (a promise, order, etc.)履行；执行 3.to give , act or show (a play, a part/role in a play, a piece of music, tricks, etc.)esp. before the public 表演；演(剧)；奏 performance [p[5fC:m[ns]n. 表演；演出：put on/ give a performance演出 performer [p[5fC:m[]n. 表演者；演奏者

perhaps [p[5hAps]adv. maybe; possibly; probably 也许； 可能 [辨析]perhaps, possibly, probably, maybe: 均可表示“可能”， 但有区别：perhaps常置于句首，表示“有大致一半的可能性”；maybe常置于句首，表示不能肯定，含也许如此， 也可能不是；possibly常与can , could, may, might 连用，表示可能性较小， 但仍有机会；probably表示可能性较大，可能性比maybe 和perhaps 大；是有几分根据的推测

period [5pi[ri[d]n.1.a stretch of time with a beginning and an end, but not always of measured length 一段时间 2.a particular stretch of time in the development of a person, a civilization, the earth, an illness, etc.时期；时代 3.a complete and repeated stretch of time fixed by the forces of nature周期 4.a division of a school day; lesson 一节； 一堂： a period of time 一段时间 [辨析] period, time, age: period含有“周期、时期”之意， 时间性可长可短；time指特定的时期、时代， 常用复数形式；age指有某种明确特征或以杰出人物为标志的“时代、时期”

permit [p[5mIt]vt.(permitted, permitting) to allow 允许； 容许； 准许；许可：allow sb. top do sth. 允许某人做某事； allow (sbs) doing sth. 允许做某事; weather permitting 如果天气允许的话(用作状语) [辨析]permit, allow, let， promise, admit: allow 日常用语，指允许某人做某事， 一反对某人做某事， 有消极的意味，侧重于听任、默许、不加阻止， 不按常规行事；permit含有积极的下面意义，多用于正式场合，指给予做某事的权利，如通过法令或正式条文“允许”做某事；allow可以和副词连用，permit 则不能；在表示客气的请求时，主语是you时应用permit, 以表示尊敬的请求，若主语用I， 则应用allow的被动形式； let 指允许某人做某事， 多用于口语中，祈使句中用let, let 一般不用于被动式，在被动式里改用allow; promise 表示“答应、许诺”，用于主语答应自己要做某事； admit 表示 “认可”，作“认为下当确实、允许、承认”解，有时指在外界压力下不得不“承认”错误或事实。 n. an official written statement giving one the right to do something通行证，许可证执照 permission [p[5mIF[n]n. agreement 允许，许可，同意：with ones permission 经某人允许 without ones permission未经某人允许

person [5p[:sn]n. a human being 人 [辨析]human, person, people : human作名词时等于human being, 在将人与动物、神仙、鬼等到比较时常用human; person可以指man, woman 和child， 其复数形式常是people, 用persons 则强调数量的概念， 比较正式，“一个人”应该说：“a person , 一能说：“a people, 两个人则可以说“two persons或“ two people； people泛指人们， the people指人民或确指的“人们”， a people和 peoples指民族， 种族；

personal [5p[:snl]adj. 1. private; individual 个人的； 私人的 2.done or made directly by a particular person, not by a representative亲自的 personally [5p[sn[lI]adv. speaking for oneself only; as far as oneself is concerned 就自己而言

persuade [p[(:)5sweid]vt. 1.(+ of sth./ that-clause) to cause to feel certain; convince劝说；使相信 2. (+ sb. into/ out of/ to do sth.) to cause to do something by reasoning, arguing, begging etc.说服： persuade sb. into doing sth./ persuade sb. to do sth. (成功地)说服，劝说好某人做某事 try / want to persuade sb. to do sth.(= advise sb. to do sth) 试图想说服某人做某事， 表示劝说不一定成功

pet [pet]n. 1.an animal kept by a person in the home as a companion爱畜；宠物 2.a person (esp. a child) or thing specially favoured above others.受宠爱的人或物 3. a person who is specially loved or lovable特别受爱护的人；可爱的人

photo/photograph[5f[Ut[U]/[5f[Ut[grB:f] n. a picture obtained by using a camera and film sensitive to light照片： take a photo/photograph/ take photos/photographs 拍照 have/get ones photo taken请人给自己拍照 photocopier (= photocopying machine) n.影印机 photographer n.摄影师

physics [5fIzIks]n. a science concerned with the study of matter and natural forces (such as light, heat, movement, etc.)物理学 physical [5fIzIk[l]adj.1.of material things物质的 2.of the body; bodily身体的； 体力的： a physical examination 体格检查 physical labour体力劳动 physical training体育锻炼 3.of the laws of nature自然规律的 [对]mental adv. physically

piano [pI5An[U]n. a large musical instrument, placed by pressing narrow black or white bars which cause small hammers to hit wire strings 钢琴： play the piano 弹钢琴(演奏乐器，乐器名词前要带定冠词)pianist n. a person who plays the piano, esp. with skill钢琴家

pick [pIk]v. 1.to choose挑选 2. to pull or break off (part of a plant) by the stem from a tree or plant; gather 摘；捡；拾 3.to steal or take from, esp. in small amounts 扒窃； 窃取： pick out选出； 认出 pick up拾起；拿起；搭乘(客人)；接收；用较少的钱买到 [辨析]pick, choose, select: choose是一般用词，通常指在所提供的对象中，凭个人的判断力或一定标准选择最满意的人或物，特别是从两者中抉择其一；select是正式用词，语气较强，指有目的地仔细认真地选择最好的，有“精选”的涵义，不能用于两者之间选择；pick 是口语用词，指按个人喜好或希望挑选中意的， 多用于有形的东西(人或物)。

picnic [5pIknIk](picnicked) n. a pleasant trip in which (cold) food is taken to be eaten somewhere in the country野餐; have / go for /on a picnic 举行/去野餐 v. to go on or have a picnic野餐

picture [5pIktF[]n.1.a painting or drawing 图画；画 2.a photograph照片 3.a representation of somebody or something made by painting, drawing, or photography图片 4.a cinema film影片; picture-book图画书 take picture of...给......照像 [辨析]picture, photo, painting, drawing, portrait: picture 含义较广,可指相片、 图片、电影片等； photo是photograph的缩写形式，仅指用照相机拍摄的相片；painting指着色的画， 如水彩画，油画等；drawing指用钢笔或铅笔画的线条画或素描；portrait指人或动物的照片，用线条或颜料画的人或动物的画，特别指面部的画，或指生动的人物描写或刻画

pie [pai]n. an often round pastry case filled with meat or fruit, baked usually in a deep dish 馅饼

piece [5pI:s]n. 1.part or bit of a solid substance (complete in itself, but broken, separated, or made from a large portion)块；片；段；部分 2.separate instance or example个别的事例 3.single composition (in art, music, etc.)幅；张；首 4.single thing out of a set件；个 5.amount of work done(工作的)件： pay sb. by the piece/by hours 按件/时付给某人工资 a piece of...一张(块/条/则/片)......

pig [pIg]n.1.a fat short-legged animal with a usu. curly tail and thick skin with short stiff hairs, esp. as kept on farms for food猎 2.a person who eats too much , is dirty or ugly in manners, or refuses to consider others 贪吃的人; 肮脏的人;贪心的人;粗野的人; make a pig of oneself 大吃大喝

pile [pail]n. a number of things of the same kind placed on top of each other 堆: a pile of...一堆 piles of (=a lot)一大堆 piles and piles of ...一堆堆...... vt. 1. to make a pile of堆起 2.(+ with) to load, fill, or cover堆积;塞满

pillow [5pIl[U]n. a cloth bag longer than it is wide, filled with soft material, used for supporting the head in bed 枕头

pilot [5pail[t]n. (pl. pilots) a person who flies an aircraft/plane 飞行员

pin [pIn]n. a short thin stiff piece of metal that looks like a small nail, used for fastening together pieces of cloth, paper, etc. 别针; 大头针 vt. (pinned, pinning) 1. to fasten or join with a pin or pins(用别针等)别住; (用钉等)钉住 2.to keep in one position使固定; 使不能动

pink [pINk]n. / adj. (a colour that is ) pale red 粉红色(的)

pioneer [5pai[5ni[]n. 1.one of the first settlers in a new or unknown land, who is later followed by others拓荒者 2.(+of) a person who does something first and so prepares the way for others先锋; 首倡者:

the Young Pioneer 少年先锋队

pipe [paip]n. 1.a tube used for carrying liquids and gas, often underground管子; 导管; 输送管 2.a small tube with a bowl-like container at one end, used for smoking tobacco 烟斗

pity [5pItI]n. 1.[U]sensitiveness to and sorrow for the suffering or unhappiness of others怜悯; 遗憾: out of pity出于怜悯 have/take pity on sb. 怜悯某人 feel pity for sb.为某人惋惜 2.a sad, unfortunate, or inconvenient state of affairs不幸的事; 可惜的事: what a pity!真遗憾! Its a pity that......是遗憾的; 真遗憾......(从句谓语动词用虚拟语气, 形式为(should )+ 原形动词, 表示惊奇、不满意等感情。) vt. to feel pity for同情

place [pleis]n. 1.a particular part of space or position in space occupied by sb. or sth. 地方；地点；位置 2.an empty space 空间

3.to feel grateful to sb. for....归功于; 感激

owing to(= because of) 由于; 因为......

own adj. belonging to oneself自己的

vt. 1.to possess something , esp. by lawful right拥有; 持有; 所有

2. to have to give负有债务; 应向某人付出

2. over above, on: above 表示 "在......之上" , 指斜上方, 其反义词为

below; over表示 "在......正上方, 垂直于......之上", 可以有面与面的接触,

也可以有一定的距离. 其反义词为under. on表示" 在......的面上", 强

调有接触.

overcoat n. [C] a long warm coat worn over other clothes by men and women

when going out esp. in cold weather 大衣, 外衣

owe vt. 1. to have to pay欠债

3. ended or finished结束; 完了

all over浑身; 全身; 全部; 整个; 在整个.......

all over the country/world 全国/全世界

over and over again 反复不断地; 再三

over there在那边(指较远处)

go over复习

show sb. over some place 领某人走遍某地(参观)

ant. under

[辨析] 1. over, through, across: over指从一个物体的一边经上方到另一边的越

过． through 指(在空间)通过一物体或洞穴的穿过 、"通过". Across

指在同一范围内从一边到另一边的横过, 指平面穿过.

2.across a distance or open space 越过, 超过

4.during; in the course of (an event or period)在......时间内;

蒙古自治区在....过程中

adv. 1. directly above在上