这些状语可以是状语从句，介词短语，或介词短语中的名词后再跟有定语从句等。如：

It was because it was raining hard that I was late for school.

It was with great joy that she accepted the birthday gift I bought for her.

[真题回顾2] It was with great joy________ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (2004福建)

A．because　　　　 B．which　　　　 C．since　　　　 D．that

解析：强调作方式状语的介词短语，故选D。

如果对not…until句型进行强调时，常将not和until短语或引导的时间从句放在一起，置于It is(was)…that之间,其后部分用肯定形式，如：

It was not until yesterday that I knew this.

[真题回顾3] It wasn’t until nearly a month later 　　　　　I received the manager’s reply. (2005全国卷一二)

　　　 　 A．since 　　　　　　　 B．when 　　　　　　 C．as 　　　　　　　　　　 D．that

解析：句意是“直到近一个月后我才得到经理的答复。”强调not…until句型，要将not提前，和until一起放到被强调的位置。故选D。

注意：强调时间状语和地点状语时，不用when和where。

句子主语结构设置复杂，有跟不定式作定语的，有跟定语从句作定语的，还有用主语从句、并列结构或同位语结构的，这些会干扰同学们的解题思维，但只要我们抓住了句子的主干，问题也就迎刃而解了。如：

It was what he did that made his parents upset.

It is I who am responsible for this case.　

注意：强调某人时，可以用who代替that, that(who)后部分的谓语动词要和被强调部分的主语部分在语法上保持一致。

[真题回顾1]It is what you do rather than what you say _______ matters. (2005天津)

　 A. that　　　 B. what　　　 C. which　　　　 D. this

解析：题意是“是你所做的而不是你所说的起作用”，强调句子主语，主语是并列连词rather than 连接的两个主语从句充当，故选A。

1．　定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．　构成：关联词+简单句 3．　引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1)　　从属连词that。 如：That they were sisters was unknown to anyone.　　　　　　　　　　　　 她们是姐妹这件事好象没任何人知道。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (2)　　从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.　他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3)　　连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known.　她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome.　不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。

解释： 1．　主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A.　　　It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B.　　　It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。如：It’s a pity that we can’t go.　 很遗憾我们不能去。 It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。 C.　　　　It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句。如： It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。 It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。 D. It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如： It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。 It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。 E.　　　It+doesn’t matter+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如： It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。 F.　　　当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。如：Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗？ Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗？ 　2．注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义 Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 来的人将受到欢迎。 Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that)　他所做的事情是正确的。 　

第9讲 强调句

在课堂教学中，英语教师都按照下面的句型去施教。即：It is / was …that /who…用来强调一个句子中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。例如：

I bought this car in that shop last month.(原始句)

It was I who/that bought this car in that shop last month. (强调主语)

It was this car that I bought in that shop last month.(强调宾语)

It was in that shop that I bought this car last month.(强调地点状语)

It was last month that I bought this car in that shop.(强调时间状语)

　 就这样，再举几个例子，让学生练练，该语法讲解到此结束。可是，高考并不单纯考查这样一些基本的句式，下面几点还有待于老师去延伸讲解。

先请看下面的两个句子：

(1) It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China.

(2) It was from the early 1990s that scientists started to develop new techniques to increase agricultural production without harming the environment.

以上两个句子都是It is(was)…that…结构引导的强调句，在该句型中it没有任何意义，常用来强调主语、宾语、状语等。考查时常把被强调部分结构复杂化，即名词或代词后常跟有定语从句、动词不定式或同位语对名词起修饰，补充说明，同学们常把它和其它相似结构混淆，难以掌握。近几年的高考对强调句的考查常从以下几个方面进行，现归纳如下，希望同学们能突破这个难点。

4.　　 These were such interesting books that we kept reading until the end of the class. These were so interesting books that we kept reading until the end of the class.

第8讲 主语从句

3.　　 The chef cooked such nice food that we ate up at the end of the dinner. The chef cooked so nice food that we ate up at the end of the dinner.

2.　　 She is such a nice teacher that all of us love her. She is a so nice teacher that all of us love her.

1.　　 He ran so fast that we couldn’t keep up with him. She spoke English so clearly that all of us could understand her.

1.Cherry was walking quickly so that (in order that) she could arrived at the cinema in time. 2.John sent the mail by air in order that (so that) it might arrive a little early.

注意：通常情况下，so that 等于in order that.

H 结果状语从句：

连接结果状语从句的连接词有：so…that, such…that.

1.You should do your homework as Tom did. 2.Jerry was lying on the bed as if (as though) he was very tired.

注意：通常情况下，as if等于as though.

G 目的状语从句:

连接目的状语从句的连接词有：so that, in order that.

1.Although (though) I gave him some advice, he didn’t take them. 2.John continued to work hard even if (even though) he felt sick. 3.Whatever you do, I will support you.==No matter what you do, I will support you. 4.Whoever you may be, I will not let you in. ===No matter who you may be, I will not let you in. 5.However difficult it may be, we will overcome it. === No matter how difficult it may be, we will overcome it.

注意：一般情况下，although等于though, even if等于even though, however等于no matter how,　wh-ever等于 no matter　wh-．

F 方式状语从句:

连接方式状语从句的连接词有：as, as if, as though.