1.构成:

①.should / would do

　　　　 a. He said he would go to Shanghai for the holiday.

　　　　 b. He told me that I should succeed.

②.was / were going to do

　　　　 a. They were going to have a meeting.

　　　　 b. The students were going to plant some trees around the playground.

③.was / were (about) to do

　　　　 a. We were to finish the work in three days.

　　　　 b. I was about to go out when a friend dropped in.

2.用法: 表示在将来的某一时刻之前将要完成的动作, 这一动作也可能继续进行

　　　　 a. By seven o’clock this afternoon we shall have arrived in Shanghai if the train keeps good line.

　　　　 b. Before noon we will have completed this work.

1.构成: shall / will have done

2.用法:

①.表示将来某时间点或时间段内将在进行的动作

　　　　 a. This time tomorrow we will be talking with the boss about this matter.

　　　　 b. I will be studying in this university for the next four years.

②.表示说话人感到某事即将发生或预计要发生某事

　　　　 a. I will be seeing him next month.

　　　　 b. We will be taking our holiday at the seaside in July.

　　　　 c. He will be arriving at six tomorrow morning.

1.构成: shall / will be doing

4.be about to do sth, 此结构表示“立刻, 马上”要做某事或发生某情况

　 　　　　a. We are about to leave.

　　　　 b. Autumn harvest is about to start.

3.be +动词不定式, 此结构表示职责, 义务, 意图, 约定, 可能性等

　　　　 a. You are to be back by 10 o’clock.

　　　　 b. There is to be a sports meet next week.

　　　　 c. We are to meet at the school gate.

2.be going to do sth,　 此结构表示打算最近或将来要做某事, 或说话人根据己有迹象认为非常可能即将发生的事

　　　　 a. I am going to meet Tom at the station at six.

　　　　 b. He is going to stay here for a week.

c. Look at these black clouds --- it is going to rain.

　　　　 d. I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold.

1.shall / will do (shall用于第一人称), 此结构表示单纯的将来, 不涉及主语的主观意愿

　　　　 a. I shall be twenty years old next year.

　　　　 b. You will meet him at the station this afternoon.

　　　 　c. The train will arrive soon.

2.用法: 表示一直持续进行到过去某一时刻的动作, 该动作可能刚刚结束, 也可能还在进行

　　　　 a. I had been waiting for two hours before the manager came down to see me.

　　　　 b. By the end of 1998 he had been learning English for five years.