4. The WTO cannot live up to its name ____ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. (NMET 2000)

A. as long as　 B. while　 C. if　　 D. even though

3. Michael ____ be a policeman, for he is much too short. (1994 上海)

A. needn't　 B. can't　　 C. should　 D. may

2. My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday after- noon so he ____ your lecture. (2002 上海)

A. couldn't have attended　　 B. needn't have attended

C. mustn't have attended　　 D. shouldn't have attended

1.-- Excuse me, is this the right way to the Summer Palace?

-- Sorry. I’m not sure. But it ____ be. (2004 湖北)

A. might　 B. will　 C. must　　 D. can

5. x times + n. 通过结构，应掌握英语里表示倍数的表达句型。

A is x times the size (height, length, width...) of B.

A is x times as big (high, long, wide...) as B．

A is x times + adj.-er than B.

The size (height, length, width...) of A is x times that of B.

The meeting-room is three times the size of our office. = The size of the meeting-room is three times that of our office.

三倍以下通常用double或者twice来表达两倍。His weight is double what it was ten years ago. / This railway is twice longer than that one. / The room is twice the size of that one. = This room is twice as big as that one.

☆句型归纳☆

[考点1]As far as I know... 据我所知……

as far as是连词，本意为“和……一样远”。引申意为“就 ……(程度，范围) 而言，至于，尽……”。类似的还有：as long as“和……一样长”。“只要”；as good as“和……一样好”。“实际上，事实上，和……几乎一样”；as well as “和……一样好”，“既……又……，不但……而且……”。例如：As far as I know, he isn't coming to the party. 就我所知，他不会来参加这次聚会。As far as he is concerned, he can't afford such an expensive car. 就他而青，他买不起这么贵的汽车。

[考例1](2004北京、安徽) ____ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.

A. As long as　 B. As far as　 C. Just as　 D. Even if

[考查目标] 本题考查连词的用法。

[答案与解析]B　 选项A中的 as long as 表示“只要”；选项B中的 as far as 跟其后的I can see 一起表示“据我看，据我所知”；选项 C 中的Just as表示“就在……时”；选项D中的Even if表示“即使”。

[考点2]lf you offered me six times what you have just offered, I would still take my pound of flesh. 如果你给我已经支付的六倍的钱。我还是要拿走我的那磅肉。倍数的表达方式有如下几种：

① A + be + 倍数 + the + 长(宽、高)的名词形式 + of + B。例如：

The new building is four times the size of the old one. 新房的面积是旧房的四倍。

② A + be + 倍数 + 形容词或副词的比较级 + than + B。例如： The sun is a million times larger than the earth. 太阳比地球大100万倍。

③ A + be或其他动词 + 倍数 + as + 形容词或副词的原级 + as + B。例如：The car runs three times as fast as I walk. 汽年行驶的速度是我走路的三倍。

[考例2](2004全国卷 III) It is reported that the United

States use ____ energy as the whole of Europe.

A. as twice　　　　　 B. twice much

C. twice much as　　　 D. twice as much

[考查目标]本题考查倍数的表达方式。

[答案与解析]D　 表示倍数的名词要放在as...as的前面。

[考点3]We can find several such ideas in Shakespeare's play The Merchant of Venice. 在莎士比亚的作品《威尼斯商人》中。我们可以找到好些这样的理念。

在本句中find表示“找到，发现，发觉，感到”，后接名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语等作宾语补足语。例如：Tom has found his short-wave radio very helpful. 汤姆发觉短波收音机很有用。Jim found it hard to take the crowded bus. 吉姆觉得很难搭上拥挤不堪的公车。

[考例3](NMET 2003) A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ____ in the kitchen.

A. smoke　　 B. smoking　 C. to smoke　　 D. smoked

[考查目标]本题考查find后接宾语补足语的用法。

[答案与解析]B　 find后接现在分词作宾语补足语时，表示动作正在进行；接过去分词作宾语补足语时，表示动作的“完成和被动”。根据语境可知，厨师在厨房抽烟要被开除，但是要抓住把柄．只能是他“正在抽烟”。

[考点4]For trade and cultural links as well as life in Britain and the construction of a building such as Stone- henge。people in the Bronze Age must have had knowledge about certain things and certain fields of science. 鉴于贸易与文化的联系及英国生活和像巨石阵的建筑结构。青铜时代的人一定了解很多事情并对一些科学领域有所涉及。

must可以用来表示对事情的肯定的推测：对现在的推测用must + 原形动词，对过去发生的事情的推测用must + have done。如果把握不大，则可用may / might + 原形动词表示对现在的推测，用may / might + have done 表示对过去的推测。而can / could + 原形动词 (表示对现在的推测)以及can / could + have done (表示对过去的推测)一般用于否定或疑问句。例如：It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones: he may have had a hand in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones. 可能这个巨石王和这些石头有关系：他可能参与策划建立这个纪念碑，或者帮助运输和竖起巨石。It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 地上是湿的，昨晚一定下雨了。

[考例4](2003上海)My English-Chinese dictionary has

disappeared. Who ____ have taken it?

A. should　　 B. must　　 C. could　　 D. would

[考查目标]本题考查不同的情态动词在推测(或猜测)句型中，分别表示不同把握(或语气)程度的区别。

[答案与解析]C　 should have done表示“本来应该做某事而实际上来做”；must have done 表示“一定做了某事”；could have done表示“可能做了某事”，同时，could用于疑问句；would have done表示“应该会做某事”。根据上下文语境“我的英汉词典不见了”，可知“可能会是谁拿走的呢?”

[牛刀小试3]

3. as...as... 与比较级的用法

(1) ...as + 形容词(副词)原级 + as...；not as / so + 形容词 (副词) 原级 + as... I study as hard as you. 我学习和你一样努力。He doesn't get up as / so early as his parents.他起床没有他父母亲早。

(2)……倍数 + as + 形容词(副词)原级 + as... Line AB is 3 times as long as Line CD. = Line AB is twice longer than / 3 times the length of Line CD. 线段AB是线段CD的三倍长。

(3) as + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + as；as + 形容词 + 复数名词 + as I haven't got as much money as I thought. 我的钱没有我想像的那么多。

(4) as much / many as 多达……，……那么多This factory produces as much as 100 tons of steel a day. 这家工厂每天产铁 100 吨。As many as 700 different languages are spoken in Africa. 在非洲人们所说的语言多达700多种。

2. “……就……”英语表达法

(1) as soon as 归纳：

as soon as 引出的时间状语从句既可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，表示它所指的动作发生在另一分句所指的动作之前。

as soon as 可以与动词的一般现在时，一般过去时或完成时态连用，主句的动词使用相应的动词现在时，过去时或将来时。He started as soon as he received the news.

他一得到消息就出发了。As soon as he had got into the car, I said "good morning" to him in French and he replied in the same language. 他一上车，我就用法语向他道了声早安，他也用法语作了回答。

(2) hardly / scarcely / barely...when / before...no sooner... than...归纳：

注意搭配关系：hardly / scarcely / barely和no sooner不可以放在when / before和than之后。hardly / scarcely / barely和no sooner否定词位于句首时，句中的主语和谓语必须部分倒装。hardly / scarcely / barely和no sooner引导的是主句，表示它的动作发生在从句之前，故常用过去完成时；而when / before和than引导的从句只能与一般过去时连用。该句型含惊奇之意。Mrs Winthrop had no sooner left the room than they began to gossip about her.温思罗太太刚离开房间，他们就议论起她来了。Scarcely / Hardly / Barely had he begun to speak when I sensed that he was in trouble. 他刚一开口，我就感到他遇到麻烦事了。No sooner had we set out than a thunderstorm broke.我们一动身就遇上了大雷雨。

(3) the moment / the instant 归纳：名词短语the moment / instant / minute / second 和副词immediately / directly 可以用做连词，相当于as soon as，引导的是时间状语从句；从句既可放在句首，也可放在句中。 The moment I saw him, I knew that there was no hope. 一见到他，我就知道没希望了。The instant you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. 你一出帐篷，便会大吃一惊。We will leave the minute you're ready. 你一准备好，我们就走。She returned immediately she heard the bad news. 她一听到这个坏消息，就返了回来。I left directly the clock struck twelve. 钟一敲十二点我就离开了。

(4) on + 动名词 (或表示动作的名词)归纳：动名词(或名词)结构表示它所表达的动作刚一发生或完成，句子谓语所表示的动作就接着发生。它相当于as soon as 引导的时间状语从句。On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train. 他们一到英国便乘火车去水晶宫。He was greeted by the Prime Minister on his arrival at the airport. 他一到机场，便受到总理的欢迎。　　

另外，each time，every time 如同上面四种类型一样，可直接用作从属连词，引导状语从句。Every time I listen to his advice, I get into trouble. 我每次听了他的劝告，都会遇到麻烦。I'll think of my hometown each time I listen to that song. 我每次听这首歌，都会想起家乡。

1. Next to him lay a cushion, upon which the man could work metal.

本句前半句为倒装句。正常的语序为A cushion lay next to him，倒装的目的是为了强调地点状语。In front of my house stands a tall tree which can be seen from far away. / At the foot of the hill lies a large lake．

5. They were lost at sea, ____ the mercy of winds and waves.

A. in　　 B. on　　　 C. at　　 D. under

☆句型诠释☆

4. The wealth of a country should be measured in ____ of the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce.

A. terms　　 B. charge　 C. time　　 D. honor