1. 通读全句,判断是否为定语从句。
2. A. place B. job C. advice D. help
[分析]文章讲到作者去应聘工作,既没有经验又信心,心里感到十分不踏实。从下文中的“I felt even more hopeless”可知第1题填“hopeless”,暗示作者那种无望的心情。而“it would be difficult to get a job without experience”则呼应了第2题,故选job。
例3:Years ago in
A. spent B. counted C. saved D. played
[分析]分析上面一段文字可知Clark夫妇存钱的目的是让一家人出去旅游。根据文中“but they had 3(finally) saved enough money”可知第1题答案为C项。
1. A. encouraged B. dissatisfied C. hopeless D. pleased
将来: did
if+ were to do, would+ do
should do
注意:除了由if引导的虚拟条件句外,还有倒装条件句,即把were、had或should提前;混合时间句,虚实错综句,以及含蓄条件句,即由or, otherwise, with, without, but for来引导的。
(4)四种名词性从句:
①当表语是important, natural, necessary, possible, strange, arranged, decided, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, surprising, a pity, no woder时,主语从句要用虚拟语气。例:
It’s important that we (should) help each other.
②动词一坚持(insist),两命令(command, order),三建议(advise, propose, suggest),四要求(ask, demand, request, require)后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。例:
He insisted that he (should) be sent to the West.
注:insist(坚持说), suggest(暗示,表明)时,从句应用陈述语气。如:
Her pale face suggested that she was ill.
③idea, plan以及表示“坚持,命令,建议,要求”等动词的同源名词作主语时,表语从句用虚拟语气。例:
My suggestion is that we (should) hold a class meeting.
④idea, plan以及表示“坚持,命令,建议,要求”等动词的同源名词后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。例:
The office gave an order that his soldiers fight back bravely.
巧用上下文语境。①注意上下文的信息提示:信息提示出现在前文时,可以根据前文的信息提示确定答案;信息提示出现在后文时,我们应该先把此空暂时搁置,在理解了后文的基础上,再确定答案。②通读全文,利用复现词语:完形填空试题中,一些词语会重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现使得语篇中的句子相互衔接,从而构成一个完整的、有机的意义整体。把握这些反复出现的词语,有助于我们确定正确答案。
例1:
A. dictionary B. teacher C. student D. recorder
[分析]because在此引导一个原因状语从句,因为读物中使用的语言符合读者的语言水平,读者当然不必求助于词典。
例2:All of a sudden I started to feel rather__1__. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of__2___. I felt even more hopeless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job without experience.
③ 现在:if+did/were, would+ do
过去:if+had done, would+ have done
② would rather + 现在/将来→did/were
过去→had done
① wish 现在→did/were
if only + 过去→had done
as if/though 将来→could/would do
3. 虚拟语气应用于如下结构中:
(1)一种定语从句:It’s time that+did
(2)两种目的状语从句:
so that/in order that+ can/may/could/might +do
(3)三种随时变化句:
2. 几个情态动词的辨析与特殊用法:
(1)can/could用于肯定句中表“可以”,或“能够”(强调与生俱来的能力);be able to强调过去设法完成的某一具体的动作。
(2)used to表示过去常常干某事,暗示“现在不干了”,以及表示过去一直存在的状态;would表示过去常常干某事,但不涉及现在的情况,还可以表示过去一直烦人的事情。
(3)need/dare作为实义动词时,应用need/dare to do; 作为情态动词时,一般不用于肯定句中。
(5)will可以表示意愿或必然趋势。
If he won’t help us, all our plans will be ruined.
The window won’t open.
1. 表示推测:情态动词+ be+表:现在状态
be doing:现在动作
have done:过去
may/might have done:本可以干某事
can/could have done:本能够干某事
should/ought to have done:本应该干某事
needn’t have done:本不必干某事
would/should like/love to have done:过去本想干某事
had better have done:当初最好干某事
would rather have done:当然真该干某事
注:情态动词表推测时,其反意疑问句,应把情态动词变为不是推测的来考虑。
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