解:(1)
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:
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=
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:x,
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x=
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×
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,
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x×
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=
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×
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×
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,
x=
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;
(2)
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:
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=
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,
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x=
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×0.01,
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x=
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×
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,
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x=
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,
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x×2=
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×2,
x=
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;
(3)
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x+
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x=18,
(
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+
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)x=18,
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x=18,
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x×
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=18×
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,
x=40;
(4)80%x+
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=
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,
0.8x+0.6=0.8,
0.8x+0.6-0.6=0.8-0.6,
0.8x=0.2,
0.8x÷0.8=0.2÷0.8,
x=0.25.
分析:(1)先根据比例的性质改写成
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x=
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×
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,再根据等式的性质,两边同乘
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即可;
(2)先根据比例的性质改写成
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x=
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×0.01,再根据等式的性质,两边同乘2即可;
(3)运用乘法分配律的逆运算改写成(
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+
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)x=18,即
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x=18,两边同乘
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即可;
(4)把分数化为小数,原式变为0.8x+0.6=0.8,再根据等式的性质,两边同减去0.6,再同除以0.8即可.
点评:此题考查了根据等式的性质解方程,即等式两边同加、同减、同乘或同除以一个数(0除外),等式的左右两边仍相等;注意等号上下要对齐.