解:(1)50%x-30=52,
50%x-30+30=52+30,
50%x=82,
50%x÷50%=82÷50%,
x=164;
(2)x-
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x=
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,
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x=
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,
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x
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=
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,
x=
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;
(3)
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=
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,
0.4x=28×0.1,
0.4x÷0.4=2.8÷0.4,
x=7;
(4)
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:x=
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:
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,
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x=
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×
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x
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=
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,
x=
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.
分析:(1)依据等式的性质,方程两边同时加30,再同时除以50%求解,
(2)先化简方程,再依据等式的性质,方程两边同时除以
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求解,
(3)先根据比例基本性质,两内项之积等于两外项之积,化简方程,再依据等式的性质,方程两边同时除以0.4求解,
(4)先根据比例基本性质,两内项之积等于两外项之积,化简方程,再依据等式的性质,方程两边同时除以
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求解.
点评:本题主要考查学生依据等式的性质,以及比例基本性质解方程的能力,解方程时注意对齐等号.