考点:分数的四则混合运算,整数四则混合运算,运算定律与简便运算,小数四则混合运算
专题:运算顺序及法则,运算定律及简算
分析:(1)把499化成500-1,再进行计算;
(2)把298化成300-2,再进行计算;
(3)运用乘法的分配律进行简算;
(4)运用乘法的分配律进行简算;
(5)把99化成100-1,再运用乘法的分配律进行简算;
(6)运用乘法的交换律进行简算;
(7)直接计算即可;
(8)运用乘法的分配律进行简算;
(9)把27化成26+1,再运用乘法的分配律进行简算;
(10)运用减法的性质进行简算;
(11)运用乘法的分配律进行简算;
(12)把除以4化成乘以0.25,再运用乘法的分配律进行简算;
(13)把12化成13-1,再运用乘法的分配律进行简算;
(14)先去括号,先算加法,再算减法;
(15)运用乘法的分配律进行简算;
(16)把72.8×0.12化成7.28×1.2,再运用乘法的分配律进行简算.
解答:
解:(1)659+499
=659+500-1
=1159-1
=1158;
(2)987-298
=987-(300-2)
=987-300+2
=687+2
=689;
(3)305×6+95×6
=(305+95)×6
=400×6
=2400;
(4)158×15-58×15
=(158-58)×15
=100×15
=1500;
(5)99×345
=(100-1)×345
=100×345-1×345
=34500-345
=34155;
(6)125×29×8
=125×8×29
=1000×29
=29000;
(7)89÷25=3…14;
(8)24×(
+
)
=24×
+24×
=20+9
=29;
(9)27×
=(26+1)×
=26×
+1×
=10+
=10
;
(10)5-
-
=5-(
+
)
=5-1
=4;
(11)
×
+
×
=(
+
)×
=2×
=
;
(12)2.7×0.75+2.7÷4
=2.7×0.75+2.7×0.25
=2.7×(0.75+0.25)
=2.7×1
=2.7;
(13)12×
=(13-1)×
=13×
-1×
=12-
=11
;
(14)
-(
-
)
=
-
+
=
+
-
=1-
=
;
(15)
×
-
×
=(
-
)×
=2×
=
;
(16)9.78×1.2-72.8×0.12
=9.78×1.2-7.28×1.2
=(9.78-7.28)×0.12
=2×0.12
=0.24.
点评:考查了运算定律的灵活运用,分析好数据,然后选择合适的运算定律进行简便计算.