计算:
①3×(x+9)=27
②16×8-7x=23
③7.5-7.5×0.5-2.6×0.8
④13.7×6.5+5.9×13.7-12.4×3.7
⑤50×[(0.2+4.8-4.8+0.2)÷2]
⑥11.25+21.25+31.25+41.25+51.25+61.25+71.25+81.25.
解:①3×(x+9)=27,
3x+27=27,
3x+27-27=27-27,
3x=0,
x=0;
②16×8-7x=23,
128-7x=23,
128-7x+7x=23+7x,
23+7x=128,
23+7x-23=128-23,
7x=105,
7x÷7=105÷7,
x=15;
③7.5-7.5×0.5-2.6×0.8,
=7.5×(1-0.5)-2.08,
=7.5×0.5-2.08,
=3.75-2.08,
=1.67;
④13.7×6.5+5.9×13.7-12.4×3.7,
=13.7×(6.5+5.9)-12.4×3.7,
=13.7×12.4-12.4×3.7,
=(13.7-3.7)×12.4,
=10×12.4,
=124;
⑤50×[(0.2+4.8-4.8+0.2)÷2],
=50×{[(0.2+0.2)+(4.8-4.8)]÷2},
=50×[0.4÷2],
=50×0.2,
=10;
⑥11.25+21.25+31.25+41.25+51.25+61.25+71.25+81.25,
=(11+21+31+41+51+61+71+81)+0.25×8,
=[(10+20+30+40+50+60+70+80)+8]+2,
=[(20+80)+(30+70)+(40+60)+(10+50)]+(8+2),
=300+60+10,
=370.
分析:①运用乘法分配律改写成3x+27=27,再根据等式的性质,两边同减去27,再同除以3即可;
②先求出16×8=128,再根据等式的性质,两边同加上7x,得23+7x=128,两边同减去23,再同除以7即可;
③通过观察,此题运用乘法分配律先计算7.5-7.5×0.5,把求得的结果减去2.6×0.8即可;
④现根据乘法分配律计算13.7×6.5+5.9×13.7=13.7×12.4,再次运用乘法分配律计算13.7×12.4-12.4×3.7;
⑤先计算小括号内的,在计算中括号内的,最后算括号外的;
⑥把每个数拆成整数与小数的形式,然后再把整数拆成整十数加零头的形式,进行简算.
点评:此题考查了解方程以及四则混合运算,在解方程时应根据等式的性质.四则混合运算,应注意运算顺序以及运用运算定律简算.