分析:运用加法、乘法的运算定律、减法的运算性质、除法的运算性质进行简便计算.
解答:解:(1)168-59-41,
=168-(59+41),
=168-100,
=68;
(2)688-590+112,
=688+112-590,
=800-590,
=210;
(3)8×(29×125),
=29×(8×125),
=29×1000,
=29000;
(4)108×125,
=100×125+8×125,
=12500+1000,
=13500;
(5)(40+4)×25,
=40×25+4×25,
=1000+100,
=1100;
(6)3600÷(36×4),
=3600÷36÷4,
=100÷4,
=25;
(7)1300÷25÷4,
=1300÷(25×4),
=1300÷100,
=13;
(8)56×125,
=7×(8×125),
=7×1000,
=7000;
(9)28×37+74×37-37×2,
=(28+74-2)×37,
=100×37,
=3700;
(10)142+586+358+114,
=(142+358)+(586+114),
=500+700,
=1200;
(11)195×101-195,
=195×(101-1),
=195×100,
=19500.
点评:此题考查的目的是使学生牢固掌握加法、乘法的运算定律和减法、除法的运算性质,并且能够灵活选择简便方法进行计算.