解:(1)50%x+30%x=8,
0.8x=8,
0.8x÷0.8=8÷0.8,
x=10;
(2)x-40%x=90,
0.6x=90,
0.6x÷0.6=90÷0.6,
x=150;
(3)4x+3×0.7=6.5,
4x+2.1=6.5,
4x+2.1-2.1=6.5-2.1,
4x=4.4,
4x÷4=4.4÷4,
x=1.1;
(4)8x+42=178,
8x+42-42=178-42,
8x=136,
8x÷8=136÷8,
x=17;
(5)3x-80%x=44,
2.2x=44,
2.2x÷2.2=44÷2.2,
x=20;
(6)18-
x=14,
18+
x-
x=14+
x,
14
x=18,
14-14+
x=18-14,
x=4,
x×
=4×
,
x=14;
分析:我们运用等式的基本性质进行解答,即,等式的两边同时加上或减去同一个数,等式仍然成立;等式的两边同时乘以或除以同一个不为零的数,等式仍然成立.
点评:本题运用等式的基本性质进行解答即可.注意等号要对齐.