解:(1)(
+
)×48,
=
×48+
×48,
=40+18,
=58;
(2)12
÷25,
=
×
,
=
;
(3)
÷
,
=
×(78-1),
=
×78-
×1,
=59-
,
=58
;
(4)
÷23+
×
,
=
×
+
×
,
=(
+
)×
,
=1×
,
=
;
(5)
÷
÷
,
=
÷(
×
),
=
÷1,
=
;
(6)
×3÷
,
=
×3×
,
=
×
×3,
=4×3,
=12;
(7)(
-
×
)÷
,
=(
-
)×
,
=
×
-
×
,
=
-
,
=
;
(8)(
+
)×32,
=
×32+
×32,
=24+20,
=44;
(9)
×
+
×
,
=
×(
+
),
=
×1,
=
;
(10)
,
=
×
,
=
;
(11)88×(
+
),
=88×
+88×
,
=33+2,
=35;
(12)
×
×16,
=
×(
×16),
=
×2,
=
;
(13)
+
×
,
=
+
,
=
;
(14)44-72×
,
=44-30,
=14;
(15)
,
=
×(14+1),
=
×15,
=14.
分析:(1)(4)(7)(8)(9)(11)(15)运用乘法分配律简算;
(2)根据除以一个数等于除以这个数的倒数求解;
(3)先把除法变成乘法,再把77分解成(78-1),然后运用乘法分配律简算;
(5)根据连续除以两个数,等于除以这两个数的积简算;
(6)先把除法变成乘法,再运用乘法交换律简算;
(10)按照从左到右的顺序计算;
(12)运用乘法结合律简算;
(13)先算乘法再算加法;
(14)先算乘法,再算减法.
点评:此题是考查四则混合运算,要仔细观察算式的特点,灵活运用一些定律进行简便计算.