3
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117.99 99
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158000 -1 15 0.5
分析:①先把除法变成乘法,然后使用乘法分配律简算;
②对加号左右的部分分别使用乘法分配律简算;
③把499
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看成500-
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,再使用乘法分配律来简算;
④把加号两边的数变成都含有相同因数79的形式,然后再使用乘法分配律简算;
⑤先使用乘法分配律简算,再使用加法结合律简算,注意运算符号的变化;
⑥先用乘法分配律把等号左边化简,再根据等式的性质求出方程的解;
⑦方程两边先同时乘8,去掉分母,然后再把方程左边化简,然后根据等式的性质解方程.
解答:①3.25×
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+3
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÷1
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,
=3
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×
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+3
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×
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,
=3
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×(
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+
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),
=3
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×1,
=3
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;
②(
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+
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-
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)×30+1.01×99,
=(
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×30+
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×30-
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×30)+1.01×99,
=(5+21-8)+1.01×99,
=18+1.01×(100-1),
=18+(1.01×100-1.01×1),
=18+(101-1.01),
=18+99.99,
=117.99;
③499
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÷5,
=499
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×
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,
=(500-
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)×
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,
=500×
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-
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×
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,
=100-
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,
=99
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;
④1994
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×79+
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×790+244.9,
=1994.5×79+2.4×79+79×3.1,
=79×(1994.5+2.4+3.1),
=79×2000,
=158000;
⑤19×(
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-
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)-2×(
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-
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)-4×(
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+
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),
=19×
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-19×
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-2×
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+2×
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-4×
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-4×
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,
=
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-
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-
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+
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-
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-
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,
=(
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+
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)-(
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+
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)-(
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+
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),
=1-1-1,
=-1;
⑥5(2x-9)-2(x-7 )=6x-1,
10x-45-2x+14=6x-1,
8x-31=6x-1,
8x-31+31=6x-1+31,
8x=6x+30,
8x-6x=6x+30-6x,
2x=30,
2x÷2=30÷2,
x=15;
⑦
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+
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=
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,
解:4x+2×(x-3)=2x-4,
4x+2x-6=2x-4,
6x-6=2x-4,
6x-6+6=2x-4+6,
6x=2x+2,
6x-2x=2x+2-2x,
4x=2,
4x÷4=2÷4,
x=0.5.
点评:本题主要考查了较复杂的简便运算的方法,特别是对乘法分配律的使用要能灵活运用.