^{【2011·江西九江六校第三次联考】D}

    ^{Bruce Alberts, the former President of the National Academies( USA), has now taken over as Editor-in Chief of Science. Judging by his editorial in this week’s issue Considering Science Education there could be some interesting times ahead in Science offices.}

    ^{Here’s part of what Bruce has to say about science education…}

    ^{I consider science education to be critically important to both science and the world, and I shall frequently deal with this topic on this page. Let’s start with a big-picture view. Science has greatly advanced our understanding of the natural world and has enabled the creation of countless medicines and useful devices. It has also led to behaviors that have improved lives. The public appreciates these practical benefits of science, and science and scientists are generally respected, even by those who are not familiar with how science works or what exactly it has discovered.}

    ^{But society may less appreciate the advantage of having everyone acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that are central to practice of successful science: scientific habits of mind. These habits include a critical attitude toward established claims and a strong desire for logic and evidence. As famous astronomer Carl Sagan put it, science is our best detector(检测器). Individuals and societies clearly need a means to logically test the constant clever attempts to operate our purchasing and political decisions. They also need to challenge what is unreasonable, including the intolerance that led to so many regional and global conflicts.}

    ^{So how does this relate of science education? Might it be possible to encourage, across the world, scientific habits of mind, so as to create more rational(理性的) societies everywhere? In principle, a strong expansion of science education could provide the world with such an opportunity, but only if scientists, educators, and policy-makers redefine the goals of science education, beginning with college-level teaching. Rather than only conveying what science has discovered about the natural world, as is done now in most countries, we should provide first all students with the knowledge and practice of how to think like a scientist.}

^{71. Which of the following is NOT included in the “scientific habits of mind”?}

   ^{A. A critical attitude toward established claims      B. A strong desire for logic.}

   ^{C. A strong desire for evidence.                  D.A clever and active mind.}

^{72. What does the underlined phrase “such an opportunity” refer to in the last paragraph?}

   ^{A. To create more rational societies everywhere.}

   ^{B. To relate decision-making to science education.}

   ^{C. To encourage science education around the world.}

   ^{D. To set right goals of science education.}

^{73. In Bruce Alberts’ opinion, which is the most important in science education?}

^{A. Offering all students enough practice to drill their mind.}

^{B. Equipping all students with a thinking model of a scientist.}

^{C. Telling students what science has discovered about the natural world.}

^{D. Advising all students to challenge all established scientific achievements.}

^{74. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?}

   ^{A. Bruce Alberts, a great science educator}   

^{B. Science education and world peace}

   ^{C. The government and science education}   

^{D. Bruce Alberts’ opinion on science education}

^{75. The benefits of science include the following EXCEPT____.}

   ^{A. allowing people to understand the world better}  

^{B. developing new treatment for diseases}

   ^{C. inventing useful machines and tools}      

^{D. making great progress in people’s behaviors}

       Herta Müller, the Romanian-born German writer, has won the 2009 Nobel Prize for Literature．The award was announced in Stockholm on Thursday．

       Ms．Müller, 56, immigrated to Germany from Romania in 1987．She is the first German writer to win the Nobel in literature since Günter Grass in 1999 and the 13th winner writing in German since the prize was first given in 1901．She is the 12th woman to win the literature prize．But unlike previous winners like Doris Lessing and V．S．Naipaul, Ms．Müller is relatively unknown outside of literary circles in Germany．

       “I am very surprised and still cannot believe it,” Ms．Muller said in a statement delivered by her publisher in Germany．“I can’t say anything more at the moment．”

       She has written some 20 books, but just 5 have been translated into English, including the novels “The Land of Green Plums” and “The Appointment．”

       At the news conference on Thursday at the German Publishers & Booksellers Association in Berlin, where she lives, Ms．Müller, wearing all black and sitting on a leopard-print chair, appeared nervous with all the cameras flashing on her．

       When asked what it meant that her name would now be mentioned in the same breath as German greats like Thomas Mann and Heinrich Böll, Ms．Müller remained philosophical．“I am now nothing better and I’m nothing worse,” she said, adding: “My inner thing is writing．That’s what I can hold on to．”

       Earlier in the day, at a news conference in Stockholm, Peter Englund, secretary of the Swedish Academy, said Ms．Müller was honored for her “very, very distinct special language” and because “she has really a story to tell about cruelty and repression in a village much like the one Müller grew up in．”

       The awards ceremony is planned for Dec．10 in Stockholm．As the winner, Ms．Müller will receive about $1．4 million．

36．According to the passage, all of the following statements are wrong EXCEPT that______．

       A．she moved to Germany from Romania when she was 40

       B．most of her works are very popular outside Germany

       C．she is the first German writer that has won the Nobel Prize in literature

       D．so far there are 13 winners whose works are written in German

37．Ms．Müller was surprised at the news about her winning the award because ______．

       A．she was born a Romanian and became a famous German writer

       B．she had missed a lot of chances to win the prize

       C．she had expected to win the prize eagerly for long

       D．she thought she was just an unknown writer in this field

38．By saying “I am now nothing better and I’m nothing worse”, Ms．Müller meant that _____．

       A．she thought highly of herself                       B．she thought nothing of herself

       C．she was very modest                                  D．she was no worse than the other German writers

39．We can infer from the passage that ______．

       A．Müller’s honored works are based on her own experience

       B．most of Ms．Müller’s novels are unsuccessful works

       C．Ms．Müller is feeling much better after she becomes the award winner

       D．Ms．Müller wins the prize because she’s described the Germans’ life vividly

40．What’s the best title of the passage?

       A．The Biography of Herta Müller

       B．Herta Müller Wins Literature Nobel Prize

       C．Herta Müller, a Great Successful Romanian Writer

       D．The Great Awards Ceremony for Herta Müller

【2011·安徽省级示范高中联考】

B

Hana al—Shaibani was born on August 27, 1942．She was the only girl in her family, having two older and two younger brothers．Her father, a politician and journalist, loved her and played a large role in shaping the woman she grew up to be．

In 1956, Iraq's Baath party started to grow in popularity．Its slogans declaring liberty, Arab socialism and unity attracted the younger generation, including Hana．Although she was only 14 years old, she turned member of the party-receiving her education with her political activities．During her university years, she worked for the Baath party during the day and attended classes in the evening．

In 1958, following the overthrow of Iraq's monarchy （君主政治） , Hana rose through the ranks and was chosen to lead the party's female members．She was just 16．Two years later, she was selected as one of three representatives of the Iraqi Baath party to attend the Arab National Baath Party Conference, held that year in Beirut．Still just a teenager, she had already achieved more than most women from her region could ever imagine．

As was known to everyone, she was determined and fearless．One of the most memorable family stories tells of the time in 1959 when she left the house to join an organization against the rule of the then prime minister, Abdel Karim Qassim．The atmosphere was tense and a number of the organisers would later be killed．But Hana was determined to attend．

Sensing trouble, she hid the gun and carried beneath her skirt as she walked down the stairs．Her father begged with her not to go．He explained that as a patriot he understood her sense of duty, but added that his love for her went beyond all else．Hana replied; "Papa, you were once a patriotic man and when you were called upon to fight, you did．Please understand, so that I may go with your blessing rather than without．" Her father could not stop her．

60．The passage mainly talks about __     __．

       A．the life of Hana al-Shaibani                    

       B．the achievement of Hana al-Shaibani

       D．the sufferings Hana al-Shaibani has received

       D．Hana al-Shaibani and her father

61．When Hana al-Shaibani joined the Baath party, __     __．

       A．she had to abandon her studies             B．she became popular with the people

       C．she attracted the younger generation         D．she was then only a student

62．From the third paragraph we can know that _      ___．

       A．Hana stood up tor Iraq's monarchy totally

       B．Hana was strongly against the old government

       C．Hana defeated more women older than her

       D．Hana was made Chairwoman of the party

63．The passage is developed in the order of ___      _．

       A．place                   B．progress              C．time                   D．space

【2011·河北省石家庄第二次模拟】D

 When Julia Rhodes is asked what she does for a living，she says she is a “wind farmer”．While her job is operation manager for wind farm owner RES-Gen：Rhodes is responsible for making sure their l4 wind farms in the UK and Ireland are using the power of the wind to produce power for homes and businesses．

 RES-Gen is a division of leading renewable energy group Renewable Energy Systems(RES)，a UK-based company with global operations．  RES was one of the pioneers of wind energy technology．It built the UK’s second wind farm in l992．Since then：RES has built more than 40 wind farms across four continents．

 Rhodes graduated from the University of Nottingham with a degree in manufacturing engineering．  Following that，she received a master's degree in renewable energy systems technology specializing in wind energy．  Rhodes has worked in the wind sector ever since, providing technical support for two leading wind farm developers before joining RES in 2001．

 RES’s projects are continually monitored by computer and checked remotely on a daily basis．Regular servicing is carried out by contractors(承包者)，usually every six months. Rhodes always has a top—level view of how well the wind turbines(涡轮)are operating．

  Rhodes is a supporter of wind—energy engineering．She also works closely with other departments to keep good relations with the communities around RES’s wind farms．The open days and government officials’ visits show that wind power is popular and that wind projects-are viewed positively．

    Renewable energy is a growing sector with attractive career prospects． For Rhodes．as the RES wind farms expand，the team that she manages is expected to increase．She enjoys working for a company with strong engineering roots and a highly respected track record(业绩)．Her job as a wind farmer is challenging and enjoyable．“It's great knowing that you are helping to bring about a clean．environment and are contributing to the global community．”

53．What’s the text mainly about?

    A．Julia Rhodes and her work．        B．Why Julia Rhodes works in RES．

    C．The importance of renewable energy．D．How出e wind can produce Dower．

54．What can we know about Julia Rhodes?

    A．She once worked as a farmer to make a living．

    B．She has worked in RES ever since graduation．

    C．She likes her job as a wind farmer very much．

    D．She is in charge of forty wind farms in the UK．

55．What can we learn about RES from the text?

    A．It built the UK's first wind farm in 2001．

    B．It plays a leading role in the wind sector．

    C．It is an important branch of RES—Gen．

    D．It provides regular servicing for its contractors．

56．Which of the following is NOT true?

    A．RES is financially supported by the British government．

    B．Wind farms receive a warm welcome around the UK．

    C．RES has developed at a high speed during recent years．

    D．Rhodes thinks people should create a clean environment．

【2011·江苏金坛一中模拟】A

Bob Dylan is one of the America's greatest songwriters. Now he has written a book about his life that critics have praised. Bob Dylan's book, “Chronicles: Volume One,” was published in October. It has been among the best-selling books in America. The New York Times newspaper named it one of the five best non-fiction, or true life, books in 2004. And recently, the National Book Critics Circle named it one of the five finalists for best biography or autobiography of last year.

Bob Dylan grew up in the small town of Hibbing, Minnesota. As a young man, in 1961, he moved to New York City with his guitar. He wanted to become a folk singer and musician. In his book, he writes about his experiences playing and singing other people's songs in clubs in the Greenwich Village area. He writes about the many artists, writers and musicians who influenced him.

The main influence on him was the great folk singer Woody Guthrie. Guthrie was living in a hospital in New Jersey because he had a serious disease. Dylan visited him often and played Guthrie's songs to him. Later, Dylan became extremely famous for the songs he wrote. The media called him the “voice of a generation.”

Bob Dylan writes that his wife and five children were the most important part of his life. He describes trying to find privacy for his family at his home in Woodstock, a town in New York State. But people from all over the country came to visit him and destroyed his peace.

Dylan also writes about spending time in New Orleans, Louisiana, while recording the album “Oh Mercy” in 1980. He writes about the process of recording the album. And he writes about the friendly people he met in Louisiana. One was a store owner named Sun Pie, who even gave Dylan a sign for his car that says “World's Greatest Grandpa.”

Critics have compared Bob Dylan's book “Chronicles” to one of his songs. They say it brings to life images, faces and places. They say the book forms layers of meaning through rich details. “A song is like a dream,” Dylan writes, “and you try to make it come true.”

56.   Dylan became very famous mainly because ______.

A.    he wrote lots of songs which were quite popular with the people in his times

B. he used to visit the great folk singer Woody Guthrie and play his songs to him

C.    he wrote the book “Chronicles” which was a big success

D.    he sang the songs written by well known writers and musicians 

57.   When living with his family in Woodstock, Dylan ______.

A.    devoted much of his time to song writing

B.    visited lots of famous singers and musicians

C.    completed his book “Chronicles: Volume One”

D.    was unwilling to meet too many people from all over the country

58.   Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A.    The town of Hibbing was the place where Dylan began his career.

B.    Dylan had a great influence on a folk singer with the name Woody Guthrie.

C.    The album “Oh Mercy” was the most successful works of Dylan.

D.    The store owner in Louisiana may be one of Dylan's fans. 

59.   We can infer from the passage that ______.

A.    Dylan expressed the hope and dream of the people of his times in his songs

B.    Dylan tried to shut himself from the outside world and devoted himself to his career

C.    Dylan's fame was mainly built on the success of his autobiography “Chronicles”

D.    Dylan became famous after the recording of his album “Oh Mercy” 

【2011·贵州遵义七校联考】A

　O. Henry was a pen name used by an American writer of short stories. His real name was William Sydney Porter. He was born in North Carolina in 1862. As a young boy he lived an exciting life. He did not go to school for very long, but he managed to teach himself everything he needed to know. When he was about 20 years old, O. Henry went to Texas, where he tried different jobs. He first worked on a newspaper, and then had a job in a bank. When some money went missing from the bank, O. Henry was believed to have stolen it. Because of that, he was sent to prison. During the three years in prison, he learned to write short stories. After he got out of prison, he went to New York and continued writing. He wrote mostly about New York and the life of the poor there. People liked his stories, because simple as the tales were, they would finish with a sudden change at the end, to the readers’ surprise.

41.   In which order did O. Henry do the following things?

a. Lived in New York.

b. Worked in a bank.

c. Traveled to Texas.

d. Was put in prison.

e. Had a newspaper job.

f. Learned to write stories.

A. e, c, f, b, d, a                                              B. c, b, e, d, a, f

C. e, b, d, c, a, f                                              D. c, e, b, d, f, a

42.   People enjoyed reading O. Henry’s stories because _____.

A. they had surprise endings                       B. they were easy to understand

C. they showed his love for the poor                  D. they were about New York City

43.   What do we know about O. Henry before he began writing?

A.      He was well-educated.

B.      He was very good at learning.

C.      He was devoted to the poor.

D.     He was not serious about his work.

44.   Where did O. Henry get most material for his short stories?

A. His life inside the prison.                        B. The newspaper articles he wrote.

C. The city and people of New York.           D. His exciting early life as a boy.

.C【2011·河北邢台市一模】

Ted Turner, a strongly competitive and hardworking businessman, achieved high goals and great success by the time he was 43 years old. Ted turner is probably best known for his Cable News Network (CNN) and became the world’s best yachtsman（快艇手）when he won the America’s Cup in 1977. In 1982 Ted Turner was included in the first edition of the Forbes 400 list, naming him one of the 400 richest people in the United States. How did Ted Turner accomplish all of this at such a young age?

As a child, Ted Turner lived a very lonely life, often separated from his family. During World War II, Ed Turner, his father served in the Navy. Ed Turner left his 6-year-old son behind in a boarding school in Cincinnati, Ohio. When Ted Turner was in the fifth grade, his father sent him in an Army school. Even though Turner had friends at school, it didn’t make up for the absence of his parents and sister. He attended college off and on, because of taking part in sailboat racing, and became a member of the U.S. coast Goast Guard for a while. In his early twenties, Ted Turned became genera manager of one of his father’s branch offices-the Turner Advertising company in Macon, Georgia.

Two years later, when his father suddenly died, Ted Turner took over the company. He soon discovered that the he was more skilled than his father in managing the business.

After thinking about his father’s death, however, Ted Turner realized that is was dangerous to put too much emphasis on material possessions. Rather than devoting his energy only to building an empire, Ted Turner decided to change his life. He decided to use his hard-carned influence to serve the public. Worried about the environment, Ted Turner built the Better World Society in 1985. The purpose of this organization was to educate people about pollution, hunger, and the danger of destruction.

49．From the passage, we know        .

       A．Mr. Turner was a competitive athlete

       B．he became world famous for his Cable News Network

       C．he was ever a winner of the America’s Cup in 1982.

       D．MR. Ted was the 400th richest person in the United States

50．Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the text?

       A．He hoped to live up to his father’s expectations

       B．He was more skilled than his father in managing the business

       C．Ted Turner had a lonely childhood

       D．He devoted his energy to both his business and public service

51．Ted Turner did all the following except that          .

       A．he was separated from his family

       B．he served in the Navy

       C．he studied in a boarding school in Ohio

       D．he became involved in sailboat racing

52．What can we know from the last paragraph?

       A．Ted found out the cause of his father’s death

       B．Ted came to know the disadvantages of his career

       C．Ted decided to build the Better World Society to earn more money.

       D．Ted decided to educate people himself in the end

 (05·湖南C篇)

Paula Radcliffe, chasing (角逐) a third London marathon title(冠军), says she has became a stronger person after her terrible experience at the 2004 Athens Gaines.

   Radcliffe, who failed to complete the Olympic marathon and the 10,000m last August, said: "Athens made me a stronger person and it made me care less about criticism (批评)"

   "In the past I wanted to please everyone, but now I ara fioinfi to listen even more to the people around me."

   She didn't care about criticism made at the weekend by Liz McCulgan, who felt Radcliffe should have rested and let her body recover after her failure in Athens.

   "Liz is someone I look up to but she hasn't spoken to me since last year and if she really eared for me, I'm sure she would have contacted (联系) me."

   Instead Radcliffe won the New York City marathon just 11 weeks after Athens.

   "In New York I wasn't in my best state but I did know I was good enough to win the      Radcliffe insisted her only goal in Sunday's race would be winning a third title and not chasing world records.

   However, RadcIiffe has not ruled out(排除) m the future chasing her "final" world record time and questioned sayings that marathon runners have the ability in their career to produce only four or five world-class times.

   "I don't think that -- although I can't put a number on it," said. RadcLiffe. "That changes from person to person."

   Radcliffe is sure she can better her winning London 2003 performance at some point in the future. Following a successful three-month training period in the United States, the 31-year-old will chase a third title on Sunday after her first victory in 2O02 and again 12 months later.

Radcliffe clocked a time of 2:18:56 in her first 42.2-kdnmetre race three years ago.

   Afterwards she set a "mixed course" mark of 2:17:18 five months later In Chicago before lowering that to a time of 2:15:25 m the 2003 London event.

63. Radcliffe's failure in Athens made her ________

     A. develop respect for Liz    B. love people around her more

     C. rest for five months       D. face criticism calmly                    

64. Which of the following is ture according to the passage?

     A. Radcliffe broke the world record in the New York City marathon.

     B. Radcliffe didn't fully recover before the New York City marathon.

     C. Radcliffe won her first narathon title in the New York City marathon.

     D. Radcliffe had a 3-month trainihg before the New York City marathon.      

65. By saythg "I can't put a number on it," Radcliffe means she's not sure _____ .

     A. if she has the ability to set a new world record

     B. if she can win another race though she has won many tunes

     C. how many times a maradion runner can set the world record

     D. if she has the ability to produce four or five world-class times           

66. According to the text, Redcliffc bas won ____ London marathon title(s).

      A. four         B. three         C. two         D. one            

67. What can we learn from Radcliffe's story?

     A. Practice makes perfect.           B. Well begun is half done.

     C. A friend in need is a fried indeed. D. Where there is a will there is a way.  

 (05·福建A篇)

Paul Zindel’s death on March 27,2003 ended the brilliant life of a famous writer.

Not only did Paul Zindel win a Pulitzer Prize as well as an Obie Prize for his 1970 play The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds, but be was one of the earliest writers in the field of contemporary（当代的） literature for young adults（成人）. The Pigman, published in 1968, is still one of the most well-known and widely-taught novels in the genre. The American Library Association has named it one of the 100 Best of the Best Books for Young Adults published between 1967 and 1992, and Zindel’s autobiography, The Pigman and Me, was among the 100 Best of the Best Books published for teenagers during the last part of the twentieth century. Six of Zindel’s books, in fact, have been voted the Best Books for Young Adults, and most of his recent horror books-such as The Doom Stone and Rats-have been chosen as Quick Picks for Reluctant Young Adult Readers. Clearly, he was a writer who knew how to interest contemporary children. Recognizing that, the American Library Association in 2002 honored Paul Zindel with the Margaret A. Edwards Prize for his lifetime achievements, and later that same year he was presented with the ALAN Prize for his contributions to Young Adult Literature. With his passing, young readers, teachers, and librarians have lost a great friend.

56．Which of Paul Zindel’s books was the most popular with young adults in the 20th century?

       A．The Pigman.

       B．The Doom Stone.

       C．The Pigman and Me.

       D．The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds.

57．Why was Paul Zindel honored with the Margaret A. Edwards Prize?

       A．His books were widely read by children.

       B．His books were interesting and helpful to adults.

       C．He made great contributions to contemporary literature.

       D．He wrote a number of horror books for young adults.

58．When did Paul Zindel win the ALAN Prize?

       A．In 2002.                                             B．In 2003.

       C．Between 1967 and 1992.                      D．Between 2002 and 2003.

59．Choose the correct statements from the following according to the passage.

       a.The Pigman and Me was one of the Best Books for teenagers.

       b.Zindel was one of the earliest writers who wrote for adults only.

       c.The Doom Stone and Rats are not popular with young adults.

       d.Zindel was given four prizes for literature before he died.

       e.At least eight of Zindel’s books were very popular in his times.

       A．c, d, e                 B．a, b, c                 C．a, b, d                 D．a, d, e

 (05·浙江E篇)

When Lew Alcindor was 13, and obviously still growing, a group of schools began offering him scholarships (奖学金) . The Alcindors decided to send their only child to Power Memorial Academy, a small school on Manhattan’s West Side.

At Power, Alcindor came under the control of Coach Jack Donohue, a strict young man who already gained his fame as one of the best coaches in the city. Donohue brought Alcindor along slowly. As a first-year student, the boy was not able to do much but wave his long skinny arms and shoot a basket now and then. But by the second year, when he was 15 years old and nearly 7 feet tall, Alcindor was quick and skillful enough to make the high school All-American team and to lead Power to an undefeated season.

From then on he simply got better. Some rival coaches （对方教练）used to take their teams quickly away from the floor before Power warmed up so that their players would not see him any sooner than they had to. Wearing size 16D shoes and sucking a lollipop (棒棒糖), Alcindor would loosen up by starting his leaping lay-ups (擦板球). Then he would casually shoot the ball with either hand, to the delight of the fans.

When reporters and photographers began to follow Alcindor closely, Donohue protected his boy firmly. He simply ordered Lew to talk to no member of the press, and this suited Lew fine. He was not comfortable talking to grown-ups, perhaps because he towered over them. Discouraged photographers began following him in secret as though he were an easily-frightened giraffe. Once after ducking into a subway to escape, Alcindor told a friend that it was all becoming like policemen and robbers. “People want you not for yourself,” Donohue warned him, “but because you’re a basketball player. Don’t forget that.”

57. Many schools offered Alcindor scholarships because_________.

A．he was young                                  B．he was hardworking

C．he was tall for his age                          D．he was skillful at playing basketball

58. Which of the following best describes Donohue as a young coach?

A．serious, popular and slow                     B．tall, skillful and successful

C．kind, powerful and undefeated              D．well-known, strict and experienced

59. Why did some rival coaches take their teams away from the floor before Power warmed up?

A．Their teams refused to play Power        B．Their teams feared to see Alcindor

C．Their teams would lose courage       D．Their teams would lose interest

60. What does the last paragraph mainly discuss?

A．How Donohue protected Alcindor from the press

B．How Alcindor disliked meeting reporters

C．Why the press followed Alcindor closely

D．Why the public wanted Alcindor badly